Operating results and simulations on a fuel cell for residential energy systems

The usage of waste hydrogen from outlet gas as a fuel in different fuel cells

“…80 kg/h pure H 2 can be used as fuel in the fuel cells. Equations (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)9) in chapter 3 were used in the MINLP problem. The total electrical power in the SPM fuel cells (P fc ) is 1100 kW, and in Alkaline fuel cells 2332 kW.…”

“…Hamada and co-authors [5] described a performance evaluation regarding the polymer electrolyte fuel cell of an electrically powered hot-water system. This paper includes a good presentation of an energy system.…”

Fuel cell based micro-combined heat and power under different policy frameworks – An economic analysis

“…These incentives could be provided either through operating support such as feed-in tariffs or through start-up financing such as investment support [2] [3]. Existing literature covers mainly aspects like operational strategies [4], [5], [6] from which major development focuses can be derived. [7] finds that the development of SOFC cells should focus on modulating in order to be able to provide balancing services to a system with a high share of fluctuating renewable generation.…”

The empirical validation of a model for simulating the thermal and electrical performance of fuel cell micro-cogeneration devices

“…Several researchers have measured the performance of natural-gas-fired prototype devices based upon proton exchange membrane (PEMFC) and solidoxide fuel cells (SOFC) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. They have found efficiencies to be in the range of 10-40% in terms of the net alternating current (AC) electrical output relative to the source fuel's lower heating value (LHV).…”