Operating experiences from existing fusion facilities in view of ITER safety and reliability

“…QEP validated the experimental results by means of CFD codes developed in 2D [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The new experimental set-up allows a high frequency rate images acquisition of dust re-suspended in case of LOVA inside STARDUST W. The implemented set-up reproduces a sort of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), to obtain instantaneous velocity measurements and related properties of particles within the fluids.…”

Section: Stardust-experimental Set Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third concern is that these dusts are potentially combustible. Several experimental studies [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] demonstrated that the exchange flows depend on number, position, length and shape of breaches, pressure and temperature conditions and type of fluid. Therefore, it is very important to investigate the dust re-suspension characteristics during a LOVA event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust tracking techniques applied to the STARDUST facility: First results

Malizia

Camplani

Gelfusa

et al. 2014

Fusion Engineering and Design

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HIGHLIGHTS• Use of an experimental facility, STARDUST, to analyze the dust resuspension problem inside the tokamak in case of loss of vacuum accident.• PIV technique implementation to track the dust during a LOVA reproduction inside STARDUST.• Data imaging techniques to analyze dust velocity field: first results and data discussion. ABSTRACTAn important issue related to future nuclear fusion reactors fueled with deuterium and tritium is the creation of large amounts of dust due to several mechanisms (disruptions, ELMs and VDEs). The dust size expected in nuclear fusion experiments (such as ITER) is in the order of microns (between 0.1 and 1000 (im). Almost the total amount of this dust remains in the vacuum vessel (W). This radiological dust can re-suspend in case of LOVA (loss of vacuum accident) and these phenomena can cause explosions and serious damages to the health of the operators and to the integrity of the device. The authors have developed a facility, STARDUST, in order to reproduce the thermo fluid-dynamic conditions comparable to those expected inside the W of the next generation of experiments such as ITER in case of LOVA. The dust used inside the STARDUST facility presents particle sizes and physical characteristics comparable with those that created inside the VV of nuclear fusion experiments. In this facility an experimental campaign has been conducted with the purpose of tracking the dust re-suspended at low pressurization rates (comparable to those expected in case of LOVA in ITER and suggested by the General Safety and Security Report ITER-GSSR) using a fast camera with a frame rate from 1000 to 10,000 images per second. The velocity fields of the mobilized dust are derived from the imaging of a two-dimensional slice of the flow illuminated by optically adapted laser beam. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the possibility of dust tracking by means of image processing with the objective of determining the velocity field values of dust re-suspended during a LOVA.

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“…However, there are several reports that show extensive fusion reliability data such as Refs. [8][9][10].…”

Section: Fusion Databasementioning

confidence: 99%