Operant generalization of auditory tempo in quail neonates

Schneider, Susan; Lickliter, Robert

doi:10.3758/pbr.16.1.145

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The operant chamber was a box that fitted against a flatscreen monitor with an infrared-based “touchscreen” detection frame attached (Elotouch Extended Resolution; for details, see Schneider and Lickliter, 2009). One computer speaker was placed on each side, and a 250-W heat lamp hung over the chick's position.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The auditory stimulus was a complex 90-ms, 75-dB tonal “beep” designed to be salient for the chicks (for its ecologically valid acoustic characteristics, see Schneider and Lickliter, 2009). An inter-beep interval of 259 ms provided the constant S+ tempo (in the generalization test, this became inter-beep interval 3).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To ensure a sufficient sample size, data were used only when a chick responded at least 50 times during the 10.5-min generalization test (i.e., about 5.0 resp/min). Although the subjects were neonates run at relatively warm temperatures, 65% of those that started training met the generalization test response requirement (i.e., 28 out of 43, a proportion nearly identical to that of Schneider and Lickliter, 2009; because of the exclusion of the two gradients in Figure 1, 26 gradients were analyzed in the Results).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, only recently has operant generalization been demonstrated in neonates (Hauf, Prior, and Sarris, 2008; Schneider and Lickliter, 2009), and little is known about its properties in early development. Further, temporal generalization has long been known to present special challenges (for current research with adults, see, e.g., Roberts, 2006; Wearden, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study (Schneider and Lickliter, 2009), northern bobwhite neonates received nondifferential operant training to a constant auditory tempo, with tempo as the tested dimension. Despite minimal exposure, typical generalization gradients resulted.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Operant generalization in quail neonates after intradimensional training: Distinguishing positive and negative reinforcement

Schneider

Lickliter

2010

Behavioural Processes

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Operant generalization has been demonstrated in neonates only recently. To investigate the development of intradimensional stimulus control immediately after hatching, northern bobwhite chicks (Colinus virginianus) pecked for brief heat presentations while hearing a high-pitched sound repeated at two constant rates: an S+ tempo signaling a rich reinforcement schedule, alternating with an S− tempo signaling a leaner schedule. Tempo generalization was then assessed in extinction. The expected excitatory gradients were produced after a threshold number of training sessions; unexpectedly, below that threshold, gradients were inhibitory. The chicks' rapidly developing thermoregulatory capability may have resulted in a change from perceived negative reinforcement initially to positive reinforcement later. Given past research showing excitatory gradients after negative reinforcement, we suggest that these results demonstrate that all negative reinforcement is not equivalent, and, further, that classical conditioning effects require consideration.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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