Opening jars: An anthropometric study of the wrist-twisting strength of the elderly

The effect of torque direction and cylindrical handle diameter on the coupling between the hand and a cylindrical handle

“…Slippage between the hands and work object can result in failure to complete the task (Berns, 1981;Imrhan and Loo, 1988;Rohles et al, 1983) and hand injuries (Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), 1997; Malker, 1991). In addition, forceful grip exertions can result in localized fatigue (Rohmert, 1973;Bystrom and FranssonHall, 1994), damage to underlying body structures (Armstrong et al, 1993;NRC, 1999;NRC and IOM, 2001), and cumulative trauma disorders (Falck and Aarnio, 1983;Silverstein et al, 1986;Smith et al, 1977).…”

“…Previous studies have shown that handle diameter (Adams and Peterson, 1988;Cochran and Riley, 1986;Crawford et al, 2002;Imrhan and Loo, 1988;Nagashima and Konz, 1986;Pheasant and O'Neill, 1975), grip force (Crawford et al, 2002;Imrhan and Loo, 1988;Nagashima and Konz, 1986;Rohles et al, 1983), and friction coefficient (Nagashima and Konz, 1986) are associated with hand torque. These previous studies support the early model by Pheasant and O'Neill (1975) that predicts torque as a product of the handle diameter, friction coefficient and grip force (see Fig.…”

Hold, grasp, clutch or grab: Consumer grip choices during food container opening

“…There has been interest in the openability of packaging by a number of researchers across various disciplines, from the study by Rohles et al (1983), The Department of Trade and Industry (2000), Voorbij and Steenbekkers (2002) and more recently Fair et al (2008), Su et al (2009) and Kuo et al (2009).…”

Understanding the use of tools for opening packaging

“…There have also been several previous studies looking at the forces users can apply when applied to jars, such as those by Imrhan et al [7], Rohles et al [8], and Voorbij and Steenbekkers [9]. These reports used devices designed to measure the force a user can apply to a jar lid.…”