Open tubular capillary electrochromatography with an <i>N</i>‐phenylacrylamide‐styrene copolymer‐based stationary phase for the separation of anomers of glucose and structural isomers of maltotriose

Ali, Faiz; Cheong, Won Jo

doi:10.1002/jssc.201401356

Cited by 15 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The aromatic group has been known to be more useful to differentiate structural isomers than the conventional C 18 ligand [35,48]. Tryptic digests are composed of many peptides, thus adoption of aromatic rings in the stationary phase may be useful to incorporate improved selectivity.…”

Section: Factors Of the Stationary Phase Of Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Open tubular capillary column for the separation of cytochrome C tryptic digest in capillary electrochromatography

Ali

Cheong

2015

J of Separation Science

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A silica capillary of 50 μm internal diameter and 500 mm length (416 mm effective length) was chemically modified with 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenyl isocyanate in the presence of dibutyl tin dichloride as catalyst. Sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate was reacted with the terminal halogen of the bound ligand to incorporate the initiator moiety, and in situ polymerization was performed using a monomer mixture of styrene, N-phenylacrylamide, and methacrylic acid. The resultant open tubular capillary column immobilized with the copolymer layer was used for the separation of tryptic digest of cytochrome C in capillary electrochromatography. The sample was well eluted and separated into many components. The elution patterns of tryptic digest of cytochrome C were studied with respect to pH and water content in the mobile phase. This preliminary study demonstrates that open tubular capillary electrochromatography columns with a modified copolymer layer composed of proper nonpolar and polar units fabricated by reversible addition-fragmentation transfer polymerization can be useful as separation media for proteomic analysis.

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Section: Factors Of the Stationary Phase Of Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Open tubular capillary column for the separation of cytochrome C tryptic digest in capillary electrochromatography

Ali

Cheong

2015

J of Separation Science

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“…The use of in situ reaction procedures with sequential introduction of reactants leading to poly‐( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) modified surfaces, which are temperature‐responsive, has been documented . Similarly, block polymer modified surfaces have also been described.…”

Section: Preparation Approaches For Ot‐cec Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrophilic interaction‐based separations, commonly known as hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), are preferred for the separation of highly polar analytes, such as sugars. Ali and Cheong have showed the separation of simple saccharides using the phenylacrylamide (polar functional) group of a N ‐phenylacrylamide‐styrene block copolymer via what appears to be a HILIC‐like mode of separation . Surprisingly, high column efficiencies, greater than one million plates per meter, were reported for anomers of glucose and derivatives of maltotriose.…”

Section: Modes Of Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open tubular‐capillary electrochromatography: Developments and applications from 2013 to 2015

et al. 2016

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Open tubular CEC (OT-CEC) separates analyte mixtures by a combination of electrophoretic, electro-osmotic, and/or chromatographic effects. OT-CEC research is an active and growing field, with studies encompassing a wide range of investigations related to new strategies for chemical modification of the inner surface of the capillary, leading to the introduction of novel stationary phase coatings. This review has examined the literature on OT-CEC from 2013 to August 2015 and highlights the developments in the fabrication of highly selective stationary phases, based on materials that include cyclodextrin chiral selectors, graphene and graphene oxide, metal-organic frameworks, molecularly imprinted polymers, nanoparticles, nanolatex particles, nanocomposites, in situ generated polymers, block polymers, tentacle-type polymers, polyelectrolyte multilayers, polysaccharides, phospholipids, and proteins. This review, while considering the development of novel OT-CEC coating materials, specifically examines different immobilization or coating methodologies and approaches and also discusses the separation mechanisms that occur with these new materials. These OT-CEC coatings are intended mainly to separate low molecular weight molecules relevant to the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food industries as well as for use in environmental monitoring.

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“…13–16 Ali and Cheong reported a method for the immobilization of N-phenylacrylamide-styrene copolymer on the inner surface of capillaries with RAFT polymerization for applications in electrochromatograpy. 17–19 A ligand with a terminal halogen (4-chloromethylphenyl isocyanate), or 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenyl isocyanate was bound to the inner surface of a pretreated silica capillary in the presence of dibutyltin dichloride as a catalyst through an isocyanate-hydroxyl reaction. 17–18 Attachment of initiator (sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate) to the bound ligand was carried out and followed by in situ polymerization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17–19 A ligand with a terminal halogen (4-chloromethylphenyl isocyanate), or 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenyl isocyanate was bound to the inner surface of a pretreated silica capillary in the presence of dibutyltin dichloride as a catalyst through an isocyanate-hydroxyl reaction. 17–18 Attachment of initiator (sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate) to the bound ligand was carried out and followed by in situ polymerization. The resulting capillary showed good separation performance for derivatized saccharide isomers and tryptic digest of cytochrome C in capillary electrochromatography with UV detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface-Confined Aqueous Reversible Addition–Fragmentation Chain Transfer (SCARAFT) Polymerization Method for Preparation of Coated Capillary Leads to over 10 000 Peptides Identified from 25 ng HeLa Digest by Using Capillary Zone Electrophoresis-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2017

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A surface-confined aqueous reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (SCARAFT) polymerization method was developed to coat capillaries for use in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). SCARAFT polymerization primarily takes place on the inner surface of the capillary instead of in solution, which greatly improves the homogeneity of the coating. Capillaries treated with this coating produced an electroosmotic mobility of 2.8 ± 0.2 × 10−6 cm2·V−1·s−1 (N=3), which is roughly an order of magnitude lower than that of commercial linear polyacrylamide (LPA) coated capillaries. Coated capillaries were evaluated for bottom-up proteomic analysis using CZE. The very low electroosmotic mobility results in a 200-minute separation and improved single-shot analysis. An average of 977 protein groups and 5,605 unique peptides were identified from 50 ng of an E. coli digest and 2,158 protein groups and 10,005 peptides were identified from 25 ng of a HeLa digest using single-shot analysis with a SCARAFT-acrylamide capillary coupled to a Q Exactive HF mass spectrometer. The coating is stable. A single capillary was used for over 200 hours (8.4 days) of continuous operation. RSD in migration time was between 2 and 3% for selected ion electropherograms (SIEs) generated for six ions; median theoretical plate counts ranged from 240,000 to 600,000 for these SIEs. Various types of coatings could be prepared by simply changing the functional vinyl monomers in the polymerization mixture. Positively charged coatings using direct attachment and formation of a block-copolymer were prepared and demonstrated for the separation of mixtures of intact proteins.

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Open tubular capillary electrochromatography with an N‐phenylacrylamide‐styrene copolymer‐based stationary phase for the separation of anomers of glucose and structural isomers of maltotriose

Cited by 15 publications

References 63 publications

Open tubular capillary column for the separation of cytochrome C tryptic digest in capillary electrochromatography

Open tubular capillary column for the separation of cytochrome C tryptic digest in capillary electrochromatography

Open tubular‐capillary electrochromatography: Developments and applications from 2013 to 2015

Surface-Confined Aqueous Reversible Addition–Fragmentation Chain Transfer (SCARAFT) Polymerization Method for Preparation of Coated Capillary Leads to over 10 000 Peptides Identified from 25 ng HeLa Digest by Using Capillary Zone Electrophoresis-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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