Open Systems Science: A Challenge to Open Systems Problems

Synecological farming: Theoretical foundation on biodiversity responses of plant communities

“…Response diversity plays particularly important roles for ecosystem renewal and reorganization following change (Elmqvist et al 2003). Instead of focusing on the simple inputoutput relationship subject to reproducible control in conventional systems, synecoculture relies on autonomous adaptive process of diversity responses with effective management scheme in open systems (Funabashi 2015b;Tokoro 2015aTokoro , 2015b. Ecological niche is difficult to reproduce as it involves a variety of biotic-abiotic-mobility factors, therefore top-down control is oblivious to latent variables, which account for endemic characteristic of actual spatial distribution of plants (Soberón and Peterson 2005).…”

Citizen Science and Topology of Mind: Complexity, Computation and Criticality in Data-Driven Exploration of Open Complex Systems

“…Redefining a standard formalization of computation and its complexity that are associated with self-organised citizen science can raise multiple criteria for the evaluation of critical phenomena, spread over the dynamical process of observation, management, and knowledge formation in open complex systems [4,5]. Self-organised criticality appears in various natural and social phenomena, often with scale-free statistical properties [6,7].…”

“…Throughout the exploration of these topics, this paper attempts to provide a common terminology and establish a theoretical basis for the realisation of a cost-effective citizen science in open complex systems situations. This is becoming increasingly important for solving transdisciplinary problems through the participation of multiple stakeholders in the real world [5].…”

“…In particular, in solving global agendas such as sustainability goals, a comprehensive approach is required that should make use of the full potential of self-organisation in coupled social-ecological systems [5,18,19]. These efforts practically take on the engagement of citizens and multi-disciplinary stakeholders as important actors in the data acquisition and the implementation of an interactive management through guided self-organization, as a novel type of collective intelligence in the era of the fourth industrial revolution [3,20,21].…”

“…While inter-subjective objectivity is a conceptual framework that classifies the quality of observation, the buoy, anchor, and raft refer to actual constructs of databases implemented with ICT. The terms arose from the developmental process of management systems in open systems science [5], sharing the perspective with the transversal question of the grand challenge of AI research regarding the effective extraction of scientific knowledge out of heterogenous data of varying quality [27]. Without properly positioning the subjective background of the study, it is often the case that established knowledge with large-scale experiments and statistical analyses is revealed to be false in high-throughput discovery-oriented research, resulting in a null-field with statistically prevailing bias [28].…”