Open radar interferometry software for mapping surface Deformation

Sandwell, David T.; Mellors, R. J.; Tong, Xiaopeng; Wei, M.; Wessel, Paul

doi:10.1029/2011eo280002

Cited by 308 publications

(191 citation statements)

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“…Data from descending track 28 and ascending track 142 (Table 2) were processed using the GMTSAR software (Sandwell et al 2011) with the application of a 100-m Gaussian filter. Overall, both ascending and descending InSAR results show surprisingly good coherence across Sabah's densely vegetated surface (Additional file 1: Figure S6).…”

Section: Alos-2 Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2015 M w 6.0 Mt. Kinabalu earthquake: an infrequent fault rupture within the Crocker fault system of East Malaysia

et al. 2017

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The M w 6.0 Mt. Kinabalu earthquake of 2015 was a complete (and deadly) surprise, because it occurred well away from the nearest plate boundary in a region of very low historical seismicity. Our seismological, space geodetic, geomorphological, and field investigations show that the earthquake resulted from rupture of a northwest-dipping normal fault that did not reach the surface. Its unilateral rupture was almost directly beneath 4000-m-high Mt. Kinabalu and triggered widespread slope failures on steep mountainous slopes, which included rockfalls that killed 18 hikers. Our seismological and morphotectonic analyses suggest that the rupture occurred on a normal fault that splays upwards off of the previously identified normal Marakau fault. Our mapping of tectonic landforms reveals that these faults are part of a 200-km-long system of normal faults that traverse the eastern side of the Crocker Range, parallel to Sabah's northwestern coastline. Although the tectonic reason for this active normal fault system remains unclear, the lengths of the longest fault segments suggest that they are capable of generating magnitude 7 earthquakes. Such large earthquakes must occur very rarely, though, given the hitherto undetectable geodetic rates of active tectonic deformation across the region.

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Section: Alos-2 Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2015 M w 6.0 Mt. Kinabalu earthquake: an infrequent fault rupture within the Crocker fault system of East Malaysia

et al. 2017

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“…The ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 data were processed using an updated version of the GMTSAR software [Sandwell et al, 2011] and the phase was unwrapped using SNAPHU software [Chen and Zebker, 2000]. Interferograms used are given in Table A1.…”

Section: Appendix B: Insar Processing and Phase Unwrappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We will continue to provide postseismic LOS data as they become available. The data were processed with an updated version of GMTSAR software [Sandwell et al, 2011] with additional post processing using GMT [Wessel et al, 2013] and SNAPHU [Chen and Zebker, 2000]. The details of the processing are described in Appendix B.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Line‐of‐sight displacement from ALOS‐2 interferometry: M_w 7.8 Gorkha Earthquake and M_w 7.3 aftershock

Lindsey

Natsuaki

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

186

109

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Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a key tool for the analysis of displacement and stress changes caused by large crustal earthquakes, particularly in remote areas. A challenge for traditional InSAR has been its limited spatial and temporal coverage especially for very large events, whose dimensions exceed the typical swath width of 70–100 km. This problem is addressed by the ALOS‐2 satellite, whose PALSAR‐2 instrument operates in ScanSAR mode, enabling a repeat time of 2 weeks and a swath width of 350 km. Here we present InSAR line‐of‐sight displacement data from ALOS‐2/PALSAR‐2 observations covering the Mw 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal earthquake and its Mw 7.3 aftershock that were acquired within 1 week of each event. The data are made freely available and we encourage their use in models of the fault slip and associated stress changes. The Mw 7.3 aftershock not only extended the rupture area of the main shock toward the east but also left a 20 km gap where the fault has little or no coseismic slip. We estimate this unslipped fault patch has the potential to generate a Mw 6.9 event.

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“…All of the interferograms of the SENTINEL 1A/B satellites datasets were generated using the latest version of the software "Generic Mapping Tools Synthetic Aperture Radar (GMTSAR)" [61] using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 3-arcsecond digital elevation model for correcting topographic contributions to the radar phase. All of the interferograms were generated based on a single master network in order to use them in the PS-InSAR analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Secular Ground Motions in Istanbul from a Long-Term InSAR Time-Series (1992–2017)

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The identification and measurement of ground deformations in urban areas is of great importance for determining the vulnerable parts of the cities that are prone to geohazards, which is a crucial element of both sustainable urban planning and hazard mitigation. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) time series analysis is a very powerful tool for the operational mapping of ground deformation related to urban subsidence and landslide phenomena. With an analysis spanning almost 25 years of satellite radar observations, we compute an InSAR time series of data from multiple satellites (European Remote Sensing satellites ERS-1 and ERS-2, Envisat, Sentinel-1A, and its twin sensor Sentinel-1B) in order to investigate the spatial extent and rate of ground deformation in the megacity of Istanbul. By combining the various multi-track InSAR datasets (291 images in total) and analysing persistent scatterers (PS-InSAR), we present mean velocity maps of ground surface displacement in selected areas of Istanbul. We identify several sites along the terrestrial and coastal regions of Istanbul that underwent vertical ground subsidence at varying rates, from 5 ± 1.2 mm/yr to 15 ± 2.1 mm/yr. The results reveal that the most distinctive subsidence patterns are associated with both anthropogenic factors and relatively weak lithologies along the Haramirede valley in particular, where the observed subsidence is up to 10 ± 2 mm/yr. We show that subsidence has been occurring along the Ayamama river stream at a rate of up to 10 ± 1.8 mm/yr since 1992, and has also been slowing down over time following the restoration of the river and stream system. We also identify subsidence at a rate of 8 ± 1.2 mm/yr along the coastal region of Istanbul, which we associate with land reclamation, as well as a very localised subsidence at a rate of 15 ± 2.3 mm/yr starting in 2016 around one of the highest skyscrapers of Istanbul, which was built in 2010.

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Open radar interferometry software for mapping surface Deformation

Cited by 308 publications

References 3 publications

The 2015 M w 6.0 Mt. Kinabalu earthquake: an infrequent fault rupture within the Crocker fault system of East Malaysia

The 2015 M w 6.0 Mt. Kinabalu earthquake: an infrequent fault rupture within the Crocker fault system of East Malaysia

Line‐of‐sight displacement from ALOS‐2 interferometry: M_w 7.8 Gorkha Earthquake and M_w 7.3 aftershock

Analysis of Secular Ground Motions in Istanbul from a Long-Term InSAR Time-Series (1992–2017)

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Open radar interferometry software for mapping surface Deformation

Cited by 308 publications

References 3 publications

The 2015 M w 6.0 Mt. Kinabalu earthquake: an infrequent fault rupture within the Crocker fault system of East Malaysia

The 2015 M w 6.0 Mt. Kinabalu earthquake: an infrequent fault rupture within the Crocker fault system of East Malaysia

Line‐of‐sight displacement from ALOS‐2 interferometry: Mw 7.8 Gorkha Earthquake and Mw 7.3 aftershock

Analysis of Secular Ground Motions in Istanbul from a Long-Term InSAR Time-Series (1992–2017)

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Line‐of‐sight displacement from ALOS‐2 interferometry: M_w 7.8 Gorkha Earthquake and M_w 7.3 aftershock