Open-path laser-induced plasma spectrometry for remote analytical measurements on solid surfaces

Remote imaging laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and remote cultural heritage ablative cleaning

“…1,2 It has been widely applied in analytical chemistry. 3 LIBS can be applied remotely, as demonstrated in early Russian work 4,5 and more recently by Palanco et al, 6 Rohwetter et al, 7 and our group. 8 Lidar techniques were employed using CO 2 , Nd:YAG, and short-pulse femtosecond laser systems.…”

Mobile lidar system for environmental monitoring

“…It is also possible to perform LIBS remotely using a lidar system [17,18]. We have used our new mobile system for such measurements, and an example is shown in Fig.…”

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Mars surface analysis: capabilities at stand-off distances and detection of chlorine and sulfur elements

“…LIBS is a well-known analytical technique which has been applied to many samples such as liquids [16,17], solid samples even in hostile environments [18], gases [19], and environmental and geological samples [20 -23]. Advantages of the method compared to more conventional ones, in the context of Mars exploration, include the following: stand-off analysis capability (up to 45 m in air with a laser energy of 230 mJ) [24,25], no sample preparation, rapid analysis (few minutes), simultaneous multi-element detection of major, minor and trace elements, and ability to clean layers of dust and measure compositions through depth profiles (essential for Mars analysis) [26,27]. For these reasons, the LIBS technique seems to be well suited for geological analyses on Mars.…”