Open country species persisted in loess regions during the Atlantic and early Subboreal phases: New multidisciplinary data from southern Poland

Hoyo, Magdalena Moskal-del; Wacnik, Agnieszka; Alexandrowicz, Witold Paweł; Stachowicz‐Rybka, Renata; Wilczyński, Jarosław; Pospuła-Wędzicha, Sylwia; Szwarczewski, Piotr; Korczyñska, Marta; Cappenberg, Klaus; Nowak, Marek

doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2018.03.005

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The dominance of einkorn remains was noted in single Neolithic sites from Kuyavia: Ludwinowo 7 (Mueller- and Osłonki 2 (Mueller- Bieniek 2016). The presence of einkorn and emmer wheats is typical for the Funnel Beaker culture, but the relatively high share of einkorn is atypical for FBC sites in southern Poland (Kotynia 2016;Kruk et al 2016;Moskal-del hoyo et al 2017Moskal-del hoyo et al , 2018Nowak 2009). Einkorn is more resistant than other wheats to unfavourable climatic conditions, like frost or too high precipitation in summer (Gluza 1994;Kruk et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, in other plant assemblages from the Neolithic archaeological sites of southern Poland, oak is a predominant taxon (i.e. Lityńska-zając 1997;Moskal-del hoyo et al 2017Moskal-del hoyo et al , 2018, but it is commonly followed by ash in areas located close to the river banks, such as Kraków-Pleszów site 17 located in the close vicinity of the vistula River (Gluza et al 1988) and in general was the second most frequent taxon in all Neolithic assemblages from the Kraków-Nowa huta region (Wasylikowa et al 1992). The Neolithic charcoal assemblage from the Kraków Spadzista site is not very representative for a reconstruction of past woodland vegetation because it is based only on materials found in one archaeological feature, with a possible problem of over-representation of some taxa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unexpected discovery of the Funnel Beaker culture feature at the Kraków Spadzista (Kraków-Zwierzyniec 4) site

Wilczyński¹,

Nowak²,

Mueller-Bieniek³

et al. 2019

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The paper presents a Neolithic feature discovered in trench G of the widely-known Paleolithic Gravettian site at Kraków Spadzista. Pottery and lithic artefacts as well as archaeobotanical data and radiocarbon dates demonstrate the existence of a stable human occupation with an agricultural economy. Due to the small number of distinctive fragments of pottery, both the Wyciąże-złotniki group and the Funnel Beaker culture have to be taken into account in the discussion on the cultural attribution of the feature. The obtained absolute dates make a connection with the latter unit more probable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected discovery of the Funnel Beaker culture feature at the Kraków Spadzista (Kraków-Zwierzyniec 4) site

Wilczyński¹,

Nowak²,

Mueller-Bieniek³

et al. 2019

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“…Its first essential symptom was extensive deforestation associated with the development of agricultural Neolithic cultures, principally the Funnel Beaker culture (e.g. KruK et al 1996, Moskal-del Hoyo et al 2018. It is difficult to trace the indicators of anthropogenic pressure in the sediments filling the oxbow near the village of Topola.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The appearance of agricultural cultures, particularly the period from 3,800 to 2,800 years BC, caused profound changes in the environment (e.g. KruK et al 1996, Moskal del-Hoyo et al 2018. Their main symptom was deforestation, not only of valleys, but also slopes and plateaus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mollusc assemblages from Subatlantic oxbow lake deposits in the Szreniawa River valley near Słomniki (Miechów Upland, southern Poland)

Alexandrowicz¹

2018

Folia Malacol.

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A rich mollusc fauna was found in the sediments filling the ancient oxbow lake developed on the floodplain of the Szreniawa River in the environs of Miechów (near Topola village). The sediments represent the Subatlantic phase of the Holocene. Their stratigraphic position was confirmed by radiocarbon dates. The oxbow under study is filled with organic sediments (peats), organic-mineral (peaty muds), and carbonate deposits (calcareous muds) with the maximum thickness of 1.5 m. The variation in mollusc assemblages provided the basis for the reconstruction of environmental changes that took place over about 2,000 years, from the moment of oxbow emergence up to its complete filling. Within that sequence, it is possible to distinguish two principal intervals. The older interval corresponds to the period of a small water body functioning there. The malacofauna present in this interval shows the prevalence of aquatic and hygrophilous species. The younger phase corresponds to the period of accumulation of calcareous muds with predominance of open-country and xerophilous taxa. The collected materials also made it possible to determine the characteristics of the malacofauna diversification within the oxbow itself, and it showed the distinctiveness of environmental features in its central part and in marginal parts.

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“…Such high population densities must have led to extensive deforestation around the sites, especially because of slash and burn practices. Cultivated fields were probably rotated to maintain soil fertility, which further prevented the regeneration of forests ( 24 , 25 ).…”

Section: Neolithic Agricultural Landscape In Southern Polandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancestors of domestic cats in Neolithic Central Europe: Isotopic evidence of a synanthropic diet

Krajcarz

Baca

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Cat remains from Poland dated to 4,200 to 2,300 y BCE are currently the earliest evidence for the migration of the Near Eastern cat (NE cat), the ancestor of domestic cats, into Central Europe. This early immigration preceded the known establishment of housecat populations in the region by around 3,000 y. One hypothesis assumed that NE cats followed the migration of early farmers as synanthropes. In this study, we analyze the stable isotopes in six samples of Late Neolithic NE cat bones and further 34 of the associated fauna, including the European wildcat. We approximate the diet and trophic ecology of Late Neolithic felids in a broad context of contemporary wild and domestic animals and humans. In addition, we compared the ecology of Late Neolithic NE cats with the earliest domestic cats known from the territory of Poland, dating to the Roman Period. Our results reveal that human agricultural activity during the Late Neolithic had already impacted the isotopic signature of rodents in the ecosystem. These synanthropic pests constituted a significant proportion of the NE cat’s diet. Our interpretation is that Late Neolithic NE cats were opportunistic synanthropes, most probably free-living individuals (i.e., not directly relying on a human food supply). We explore niche partitioning between studied NE cats and the contemporary native European wildcats. We find only minor differences between the isotopic ecology of both these taxa. We conclude that, after the appearance of the NE cat, both felid taxa shared the ecological niches.

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Open country species persisted in loess regions during the Atlantic and early Subboreal phases: New multidisciplinary data from southern Poland

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

Unexpected discovery of the Funnel Beaker culture feature at the Kraków Spadzista (Kraków-Zwierzyniec 4) site

Unexpected discovery of the Funnel Beaker culture feature at the Kraków Spadzista (Kraków-Zwierzyniec 4) site

Mollusc assemblages from Subatlantic oxbow lake deposits in the Szreniawa River valley near Słomniki (Miechów Upland, southern Poland)

Ancestors of domestic cats in Neolithic Central Europe: Isotopic evidence of a synanthropic diet

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