Oospore formation by Phytophthora infestans in host tissue after inoculation with isolates of opposite mating type found in the Netherlands

Frinking, H. D.; Davidse, L.C.; Limburg, H.

doi:10.1007/bf02000565

Cited by 37 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The first recording of the A2 mating type in The Netherlands was in 1981 (Frinking et al 1987). Before 1980, the P. infestans population in The Netherlands consisted of only A1 mating types.…”

Section: The Netherlandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

et al. 2011

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Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight, is a major threat to potato production in northwestern Europe. Before 1980, the worldwide population of P. infestans outside Mexico appeared to be asexual and to consist of a single clonal lineage of A1 mating type characterized by a single genotype. It is widely believed that new strains migrated into Europe in 1976 and that this led to subsequent population changes including the introduction of the A2 mating type. The population characteristics of recently collected isolates in NW Europe show a diverse population including both mating types, sexual reproduction and oospores, although differences are observed between regions. Although it is difficult to find direct evidence that new strains are more aggressive, there are several indications from experiments and field epidemics that the aggressiveness of P. infestans has increased in the past 20 years. The relative importance of the different primary inoculum sources and specific measures for reducing their role, such as covering dumps with plastic and preventing seed tubers from becoming infected, is described for the different regions. In NW Europe, varieties with greater resistance tend not to be grown on a large scale. From the grower's perspective, the savings in fungicide input that can be achieved with these varieties are not compensated by the higher (perceived) risk of blight. Fungicides play a crucial role in the integrated control of late blight. The spray strategies in NW Europe and a table of the specific attributes of the most important fungicides in Europe are presented. The development and use of decision support systems (DSSs) in NW Europe are described. In The Netherlands, it is estimated that almost 40% of potato growers use recommendations based on commercially available DSS. In the Nordic countries, a new DSS concept with a fixed 7-day spray interval and a variable dose rate is being tested. In the UK, commercially available DSSs are used for c. 8% of the area. The validity of Smith Periods for the new population of P. infestans in the UK is currently being evaluated.

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Section: The Netherlandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

et al. 2011

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“…Isolates of the A2 mating type were first recorded outside of Mexico from samples obtained in 1980 in east Germany (8,9), and in 1981 in Switzerland (34), the United Kingdom (49), and the Netherlands (21). In the United States, isolates of the A2 mating type were first recorded in 1987 (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Characterization of changes in populations ofPhytophthora infestansin Canada using mating type and metalaxyl sensitivity markers

Peters

Platt

Hall

1998

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…This was the first published report of the A2 mating type in a non-Mexican population. The A2 mating type has subsequently been identified in several populations, including those of Scotland (MALCOLMSON 1985), England and Wales (TANTIUS et al 1986), the Netherlands (FRINKING et al 1987), Egypt (SHAW et al 1985), Israel (GRINBERGER et al 1989), Japan (MosA et al 1989), Germany (GoTZ 1986, SCHOBER andRULLICH 1986), Poland (RITCH et al 1990), and the United States (DEAHL et al 1991). Since A2 isolates have not been found in any culture collection prior to 1981 (TANTIUS et al 1986, GoTZ 1990, THERRIEN et al 1989, the initial introduction of the A2 mating type into populations outside Mexico may have occurred about that time.…”

Section: Zusammenfassungmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytophthora infestans in Poland from 1987–1989; Nuclear DNA Content, Mating Type Distribution and Response to Metalaxyl

Therrien

Ritch

Sujkowski³

et al. 1993

Journal of Phytopathology

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Isolates of Phytophthora infestans were collected from all potato growing regions of Poland during the blight seasons of 1987—1989. All 1987 isolates were of Al mating type and were sensitive to metalaxyl. In 1988 and 1989, 46.5 % and 55.3 % of the isolates were sensitive to metalaxyl, respectively. The percentage of highly resistant (R) isolates increased from 25.6 % in 1988 to 39.5 % in 1989; however the percentage of intermediately resistant (I) isolates decreased during that period from 27.9 % to 5.3 %. A significant association was observed between the A1 compatibility type and metalaxyl resistance. The A2 mating type first appeared in 1988, and its frequency increased from 4.7 % of the population in 1988 to 47.6 % in 1989. Coincident with this change in mating type frequency, changes in ploidy levels of isolates were observed. Whereas 3 % of the 1988 isolates were diploid, 90 % of the 1989 A2 isolates and 28.6 % of the 1989 Al isolates were diploid. The approximate 1:1 ratio of the two mating types encountered in 1989, and the predominance of diploidy, indicates that the Polish population of P. infestans has the potential to become sexual.

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Oospore formation by Phytophthora infestans in host tissue after inoculation with isolates of opposite mating type found in the Netherlands

Cited by 37 publications

References 6 publications

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

Characterization of changes in populations ofPhytophthora infestansin Canada using mating type and metalaxyl sensitivity markers

Phytophthora infestans in Poland from 1987–1989; Nuclear DNA Content, Mating Type Distribution and Response to Metalaxyl

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