Onychomycosis in central India: a clinicoetiologic correlation

Garg, Amit; Venkatesh, Vimala; Singh, Mastan; Pathak, Kushal P.; Kaushal, Gyan P.; Agrawal, Surendra

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.02125.x

Cited by 76 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…The other etiological agents encountered were M. gypseum (3.3%), Chrysosporium tropicum (2.2%), T. violaceum (1.1%) and M. canis (1.1%). Our findings coincides with the work of most of the earlier workers [8,9,12] who reported T. rubrum was the predominant etiological agent of dermatophytoses. In terms of site of infection, tinea corporis was prevalent among the majority of the cases (77.8%).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This promotes sweating and sweat retentions due to high environment moisture content in summer season, thus facilitating fungal growth resulting in a high incidence of fungal diseases in males. These observations were supported by some of the earlier reports [8,9]. The maximum number of patients of dermatophytoses were found from rural population of Sitapura, Sanganer area and most of the patients in working profession were found labours working in a small cottage industries and farmers.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

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Profile of Dermatophytic and Other Fungal Infections in Jaipur

Sharma

2011

Indian J Microbiol

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The common cause of skin infections are dermatophytes and opportunistic fungi. Aim of present study is to find predominant etiological agent of dermatophytoses and to isolate various fungal agents from clinical samples of patients with different mycoses and Clinical samples from 260 patients were subjected to potassium hydroxide (KOH) examination and culture isolation; causative agents were identified macroscopically and microscopically. One hundred sixty three (62.7%) were found to be positive by KOH examination while 132 (50.8%) were culture positive. Dermatophytes were isolated in 90/140 (64.3%) specimens. Trichophyton rubrum (75.5%) was the commonest isolate among the patients suffering from dermatophytoses. Candida spp. and Malassezia furfur were isolated from patient suffering from candidiasis and pityriasis versicolor.Keywords Dermatophytoses Á Dermatophytes Á Opportunistic fungi Infectious diseases, particularly those involving the skin and mucosal surfaces, are a serious problem all over the world due to deficient sanitation and education. An important group of these skin pathogens are fungi [1].Recently there has been an increase in the incidence of fungal infections. This increase may be a result of frequent usage of antibiotics, immunosuppressive drugs and various conditions like organ transplantations, lymphomas, leukemia and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections [2]. Superficial mycoses refers to the disease of the skin and its appendages caused by fungi. This group includes Dermatophytoses, Pityriasis versicolor and Candidiasis. They possess the affinity for parasitising keratin rich tissues and produce dermal inflammatory response and cause redness, intense itching and burning in addition to a cosmetically poor appearance [3]. Candidiasis encompasses infections that range from superficial, such as oral thrush and vaginitis, to systemic and potentially life-threatening diseases. Candida infections of the latter category are also referred to as candidemia and are usually confined to severely immunocompromised persons, such as cancer, transplant, and AIDS patients [4]. Superficial infections of skin and mucosal membranes by Candida causing local inflammation and discomfort are common in many human populations [5]. Jaipur has got a dry climate but in the summer, the temperature exceeds even 44°C with high humidity during the monsoon season. These climatic conditions favour the occurrence of fungal infection so the present report describes the occurrence of dermatophytic and other fungal infections in Sitapura and Sanganer rural population of Jaipur among the patients attending the O.P.D, Department of Dermatology, E.S.I.C hospital, Jaipur. Materials and MethodsTwo hundred and sixty clinically suspected cases of dermatophytoses and other fungal diseases, attending the 123Indian J Microbiol (Apr-June 2012) 52(2):270-274 DOI 10.1007/s12088-011-0217-z dermatology O.P.D of E.S.I.C. hospital, Jaipur during the period 2008-2009 were included in this study. Samples were collected from patie...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Profile of Dermatophytic and Other Fungal Infections in Jaipur

Sharma

2011

Indian J Microbiol

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“…The majority of our patients (72.7%) were between the ages of 11yrs and 50yrs. This is in accordance with reports by Bokhari et al, [15] and Garg et al, [16] but contrasts with the findings of other reports [17,18]. There were only six children (<10 years), highlighting the fact that this disease may be less common in this age group, even in our community.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Onychomycosis in Qassim Region of Saudi Arabia: A Clinicoaetiologic Correlation

Shahzad

Alzolibani

Robaee

et al. 2014

JCDR

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Background: Onychomycosis is mainly caused by dermatophytes, but yeasts and nondermatophyte molds have also been implicated, giving rise to diverse clinical presentations. The aetiological agents of the disease may show geographic variation. Aim:The aim of the present study was to isolate the causative pathogens and to correlate the various clinical patterns of onychomycosis with causative pathogens. Materials and Methods:The study population comprised 170 patients with clinical suspicion of onychomycosis. Nail samples were collected for direct microscopic examination and culture. Clinical patterns were noted and correlated with causative pathogens.Results: Out of total 170 cases included in the study, 140 (82.4%) were positive by microscopy and 77 (45.3%) showed positive mycological findings by both microscopy and culture. The male: female ratio was 1:2.5 and the mean age was 35.29 ± 16.47 years. Fingernails were involved in 51.9%, toenails in 28.6% and both fingernails and toenails in 19.5% of the 77 patients. The clinical types noted were distal lateral subungual onychomycosis (71.4%), proximal subungual onychomycosis (10.4%), total dystrophic onychomycosis (10.4%), superficial white onychomycosis (3.9%) and mixed pattern onychomycosis (3.9%). Yeasts were the most common pathogens isolated, being found in 36 patients (46.8%) followed by nondermatophyte molds which were isolated from 28 patients (36.4%) followed by dermatophytes which were isolated from 13 patients (16.9%). Conclusion:Distal lateral subungual onychomycosis was the most common clinical presentation. Candida albicans, Aspergillus species and Tricophyton rubrum were the major pathogens. A single pathogen can give rise to more than one clinical type.

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“…The findings were backed by earlier studies. 9,18,19 This may be due to exhausting physical activity in open environment leading to excess sweating and the use of tightly worn synthetic clothes resulting in increased humidity and temperature of the body which makes skin as a suitable growth environment for dermatophytes. 9 These conditions are shown to be associated with the incidence of tinea corporis and tinea cruris.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, social stigma present in the rural population of Tamilnadu which influences non-reporting of female patients to the hospital may also be the factor for showing less frequency in females. 18,19 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%