Onychomycosis among Clinically Suspected Cases Attending the Dermatology Out-patient Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Jha, Beena; Sharma, Manisha; Gc, Sagar; Sapkota, Jyotshna

doi:10.31729/jnma.6277

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A summary of NDM prevalence reported across studies stratified by the geographical location, as well as by the sampling method used (all studies vs. repeated sampling), is shown in Table 1 4–77 . Although the adoption of repeated sampling can increase the diagnostic confidence in a case of NDM onychomycosis, ruling out isolation of the facultatively pathogenic agent as a random contaminant, we did not find significant differences in the predominant NDM strain detected from studies with repeated and unrepeated sampling procedures except in North America 7–13 …”

Section: Epidemiology Of Ndm Onychomycosismentioning

confidence: 77%

A comprehensive review of nondermatophyte mould onychomycosis: Epidemiology, diagnosis and management

Gupta,

Wang,

Cooper

et al. 2023

Acad Dermatol Venereol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nondermatophyte moulds (NDMs) are widely distributed and can be detected in association with mycotic nails; however, sometimes it can be challenging to establish the role of NDMs in the pathogenesis of onychomycosis (i.e. causative vs. contaminant). In studies where the ongoing invasive presence of NDMs is confirmed through repeat cultures, the global prevalence of NDMs in onychomycosis patients is estimated at 6.9% with the 3 most common genus being: Aspergillus, Scopulariopsis and Fusarium. NDM onychomycosis can, in many cases, appear clinically indistinguishable from dermatophyte onychomycosis. Clinical features suggestive of NDMs include proximal subungual onychomycosis with paronychia associated with Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp. and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, as well as superficial white onychomycosis in a deep and diffused pattern associated with Aspergillus and Fusarium. Longitudinal streaks seen in patients with distal and lateral onychomycosis may serve as an additional indicator. For diagnosis, light microscopic examination should demonstrate fungal filaments consistent with an NDM with at least two independent isolations in the absence of a dermatophyte; the advent of molecular testing combined with histological assessment may serve as an alternative with improved sensitivity and turnover time. In most instances, antifungal susceptibility testing has limited value. Information on effective treatments for NDM onychomycosis is relatively scarce, unlike the situation in the study of dermatophyte onychomycosis. Terbinafine and itraconazole therapy (continuous and pulsed) appear effective to varying extents for treating onychomycosis caused by Aspergillus, Fusarium or Scopulariopsis. There is scant literature on oral treatments for Neoscytalidium.

show abstract

Section: Epidemiology Of Ndm Onychomycosismentioning

confidence: 77%

A comprehensive review of nondermatophyte mould onychomycosis: Epidemiology, diagnosis and management

Gupta,

Wang,

Cooper

et al. 2023

Acad Dermatol Venereol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sex is a potential risk factor for tinea pedum and onychomycosis with considerably more males being affected with onychomycoses. The reason is not entirely clear; however, it was often assumed that men are more prone to traumatize their toes and thus render their nails more susceptible to fungal infection [21,22]. Damaged nails are more susceptible to fungal infection, particularly also with Fusarium spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onychomycosis in Foot and Toe Malformations

Haneke

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: It has long been accepted that trauma is one of the most important and frequent predisposing factors for onychomycoses . However, the role of direct trauma in the pathogenesis of fungal nail infections was only recently been elucidated in a series of 32 cases of post-traumatic single-digit onychomycosis. The importance of repeated trauma due to foot and toe abnormalities was rarely investigated.Aim of the study: This is a multicenter single-author observational study over a period of 6 years performed at a specialized nail clinic in three countries. All patient photographs taken by the author during this period were screened for toenail alterations and all toe onychomycosis cases were checked whether they contained enough information to evaluate potential foot and toe abnormalities. Particular attention was paid to the presence of hallux valgus, hallux valgus interphalangeus, hallux erectus, inward rotation of the big toe and outward rotation of the little toe, as well as splay foot. Only cases with unequivocal proof of fungal nail infection by either histopathology, mycologic culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were accepted.Results: Of 1653 cases, 185 were onychomycoses proven by mycologic culture, PCR or histopathology. Of these, 179 involved at least one big toenail, 6 affected one or more lesser toenails. Three patients consulted us for another toenail disease and the onychomycosis was diagnosed as a second disease. Eight patients had a pronounced tinea pedum. Relatively few patients had a normal big toe position (n = 9). Most of the cases had a mild to marked hallux valgus (HV) (105) and a hallux valgus interphalangeus (HVI) (143), hallux erectus was observed in 43 patients, the combination of HV and HVI was observed 83 times. Discussion: The very high percentage of foot and toe deformations was surprising. It may be hypothesized that this is not only a pathogenetically important factor but may also play an important role for the localization of the fungal infection as no marked hallux deviation was noted in onychomycoses that affected the lesser toes only. As the management of onychomycoses is a complex procedure involving the exact diagnosis with determination of the pathogenic fungus, the nail growth rate, the type of onychomycosis, its duration and predisposing factors, anomalies of the toe position may be important. Among the most commonly mentioned predisposing factors are peripheral circulatory insufficiency, venous stasis, peripheral neuropathy, immune deficiency and iatrogenic immunosuppression whereas foot problems are not given enough attention. Unfortunately, many of these predisposing and aggravating factors are difficult to treat or to correct. Generally, when explaining the treatment of onychomycoses to the patients, the importance of these orthopedic alterations is not or only insufficiently discussed. In view of the problems encountered with the treatment of toenail mycoses, this attitude should be changed in order to make the patient understand why there is such a low cure rate despite excellent minimal inhibitory drug concentrations in the laboratory.

show abstract

“…The age group that suffers most from mycosis is the age group that has predisposing factors such as direct contact with the soil. The prevalence of dermatophyte fungal infections will increase with age and a person's habits (Jha et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The difference of fungal growth Rhizopus sp. in SDA and PDA Media from toe nail samples of construction workers

Shifa Fauziyah,

Hariyono Hariyono,

Liza Ramadhani

et al. 2024

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Onychomycosis is a fungal infection caused by dermatophyta and non-dermatophyte groups which infect the toenails or fingernails. Onychomycosis infection can lead to the damage of the nails which causes the nail thickness, brittle, and easily destroyed. Rhizopus sp. is considered to be one of the fungal species in the non-dermatophyte fungal infection group in the disease Onychomycosis. This study aims to determine the differences in the growth of non-dermatophyte fungi that cause onychomycosis infections on SDA and PDA media in samples of toenails from construction workers in Lamongan Regency. The research method used is descriptive, and the sampling technique used is random sampling. The sample size examined was 15 construction workers in duplicate, 15 planted in PDA media and 15 planted in SDA media. The material for this examination is scrapings from the toenails of construction workers which are planted directly on SDA and PDA media, then followed by macroscopic and microscopic examination. Based on macroscopsic examination, it was found that the colonies were white to grayish white, had a cotton-like surface and were spreading. Based on microscopic examination using the addition of 1 drop of LCB dye reagent, fungal elements were obtained which indicated the non-dermatophyte fungus Rhizopus sp. namely there are stolon, rhizoid, sporangiospore, sporangium and apoplysis. From the results of this research it can be concluded that there is growth of the fungus Rhizopus sp. non-dermatophyte group on PDA media and SDA media, there was no difference in the growth of non-dermatophyte fungi that cause onychomycosis in the toenails of construction workers in Lamongan Regency on PDA media and SDA media and there was a difference in the growth of the fungus Rhizopus sp. Non-dermatophyte groups causing onychomycosis based on age.

show abstract

Onychomycosis among Clinically Suspected Cases Attending the Dermatology Out-patient Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

A comprehensive review of nondermatophyte mould onychomycosis: Epidemiology, diagnosis and management

A comprehensive review of nondermatophyte mould onychomycosis: Epidemiology, diagnosis and management

Onychomycosis in Foot and Toe Malformations

The difference of fungal growth Rhizopus sp. in SDA and PDA Media from toe nail samples of construction workers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About