Ontogeny shapes individual specialization

Albrecht, Jörg; Selva, Nuria; Sergiel, Agnieszka; Hobson, Keith A.; Janz, David M.; Mulch, Andreas; Kindberg, Jonas; Hansen, Jennifer L.; Frank, S.S.; Zedrosser, Andreas; Mueller, Thomas; Hertel, Anne G.

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2926801/v1

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…We calculated marginal (R2m), conditional (R2c) and inclusive (IR2) R 2 -values for model.0, describing the amount of variance in boldness scores explained by the fixed predictors, the whole model and each predictor, respectively (method adapted from [67], details in accompanying R script [63]). We applied the functions emmeans and contrast ( package emmeans v. 1.7.8 [68]) under Tukey linear hypothesis to model.0, to perform pairwise post hoc comparisons of boldness scores between morphs and between treatments within morphs.…”

Section: (I) Mean Boldness Scoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in personality shaped by evolutionary history, genotype and developmental plasticity in response to feeding modalities in the Arctic charr

Dellinger,

Steele,

Sprockel

et al. 2023

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Animal personality has been shown to be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors and shaped by natural selection. Currently, little is known about mechanisms influencing the development of personality traits. This study examines the extent to which personality development is genetically influenced and/or environmentally responsive (plastic). We also investigated the role of evolutionary history, assessing whether personality traits could be canalized along a genetic and ecological divergence gradient. We tested the plastic potential of boldness in juveniles of five Icelandic Arctic charr morphs ( Salvelinus alpinus ), including two pairs of sympatric morphs, displaying various degrees of genetic and ecological divergence from the ancestral anadromous charr, split between treatments mimicking benthic versus pelagic feeding modalities. We show that differences in mean boldness are mostly affected by genetics. While the benthic treatment led to bolder individuals overall, the environmental effect was rather weak, suggesting that boldness lies under strong genetic influence with reduced plastic potential. Finally, we found hints of differences by morphs in boldness canalization through reduced variance and plasticity, and higher consistency in boldness within morphs. These findings provide new insights on how behavioural development may impact adaptive diversification.

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Section: (I) Mean Boldness Scoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in personality shaped by evolutionary history, genotype and developmental plasticity in response to feeding modalities in the Arctic charr

Dellinger,

Steele,

Sprockel

et al. 2023

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Ontogeny shapes individual specialization

Hertel

Albrecht

Selva

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Individual dietary specialization, where individuals occupy a subset of a populations wider dietary niche, is of key importance for species resilience towards environmental change. However, the ontogeny of individual specialization, as well as the underlying social learning, genetic, and environmental drivers remain poorly understood. Using a multigenerational dataset of female European brown bears (Ursus arctos) followed since birth, we discerned the relative contributions of social learning, genetic predisposition, environment forcings, and maternal effects to individual dietary specialization. Individual specialization varied from omnivorous to carnivorous diets spanning half a trophic position. The main determinants of this dietary specialization were maternal learning during rearing (11%), environmental similarity (12%), and maternal effects (11%), whereas the contribution of genetic heritability was negligible. Importantly, the offsprings trophic position closely resembled the trophic position of their mother during the first 3-4 years after separation from the mother, but this relationship ceased with increasing time since separation. Our study reveals that social learning and maternal effects are as important for individual dietary specialization as environmental forcings. We propose a tighter integration of social effects into future studies of range expansion and habitat selection under global change, that to date are mostly explained by environmental drivers.

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The spatiotemporal context of individual specialization in resource use and environmental associations

Costa‐Pereira,

Shaner

2024

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Abstract1. Individual niche specialization is widespread in natural populations and has key implications for higher levels of biological organization. This phenomenon, however, has been primarily quantified in resource niche axes, overlooking individual variation in environmental associations (i.e. abiotic conditions organisms experience).2. Here, we explore what we can learn from a multidimensional perspective of individual niche specialization that integrates resource use and environmental associations into a common framework.3. By combining predictions from theory and simple simulations, we illustrate how (i) multidimensional intraspecific niche variation and (ii) the spatiotemporal context of interactions between conspecifics scale up to shape emergent patterns of the population niche.4. Contemplating individual specialization as a multidimensional, unifying concept across biotic and abiotic niche axes is a fundamental step towards bringing this concept closer to the n‐dimensional niche envisioned by Hutchinson.

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Ontogeny shapes individual specialization

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Variation in personality shaped by evolutionary history, genotype and developmental plasticity in response to feeding modalities in the Arctic charr

Variation in personality shaped by evolutionary history, genotype and developmental plasticity in response to feeding modalities in the Arctic charr

Ontogeny shapes individual specialization

The spatiotemporal context of individual specialization in resource use and environmental associations

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