Ontogeny of the acoustic startle response in C57BL/6J mouse pups.

Shnerson, Allan; Willott, James F.

doi:10.1037/h0077648

Cited by 45 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…1E,F) and the other markers (data not shown). As hearing onset in mice reportedly occurs between P9 and P14 [C57BL/6J: Shnerson and Willott (1980), Shnerson and Pujol (1982); other strains: Alford and Ruben (1963), Mikaelian and Ruben (1965), Hack (1968), Ehret (1976)], these results thus demonstrated that the malformations are not due to the lack of sounddriven activity, yet occur during prehearing life when auditory circuit formation and consolidation takes place (Boudreau and Tsuchitani, 1970;Kandler et al, 2009). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Ca_v1.3 Calcium Channels Are Required for Normal Development of the Auditory Brainstem

Hirtz

Boesen²,

Braun³

et al. 2011

J. Neurosci.

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Within the Ca v 1 family of voltage-gated calcium channels, Ca v 1.2 and Ca v 1.3 channels are the predominant subtypes in the brain. Whereas specific functions for each subtype were described in the adult brain, their role in brain development is poorly understood. Here we assess the role of Ca v 1.3 subunits in the activity-dependent development of the auditory brainstem. We used Ca v 1.3-deficient (Ca v 1.3 Ϫ/Ϫ ) mice because these mice lack cochlea-driven activity that deprives the auditory centers from peripheral input. We found a drastically reduced volume in all auditory brainstem centers (range 25-59%, total 35%), which was manifest before hearing onset. A reduction was not obvious outside the auditory system. The lateral superior olive (LSO) was strikingly malformed in Ca v 1.3 Ϫ/Ϫ mice and had fewer neurons (1/3 less). The remaining LSO neurons displayed normal dendritic trees and received functional glutamatergic input, yet they fired action potentials predominantly with a multiple pattern upon depolarization, in contrast to the single firing pattern prevalent in controls. The latter finding appears to be due to a reduction of dendrototoxin-sensitive potassium conductances, presumably mediated through the K v 1.2 subtype. Fura2 imaging provided evidence for functional Ca v 1.3 channels in the LSO of wild-type mice. Our results imply that Ca v 1.3 channels are indispensable for the development of the central auditory system. We propose that the unique LSO phenotype in Ca v 1.3 Ϫ/Ϫ mice, which hitherto was not described in other hereditary deafness models, is caused by the synergistic contribution of two factors: on-site loss of Ca v 1.3 channels in the neurons plus lack of peripheral input.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Ca_v1.3 Calcium Channels Are Required for Normal Development of the Auditory Brainstem

Hirtz

Boesen²,

Braun³

et al. 2011

J. Neurosci.

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“…From a functional standpoint, the timing of 5-HTT expression observed in the current study suggests that in the normal inbred mouse, the 5-HTT is expressed during certain developmental stages of hearing, coinciding with the onset of the startle reflex, at about P9, and the onset of functional hearing around P12 [Mikaelian and Ruben, 1965;Shnerson and Willott, 1980]. Further, peak expression of the 5-HTT (P16-P21) coincides with the age at which the auditory system is beginning to mature [Ehret, 1976;Shnerson and Willott, 1980].…”

Section: Coincidence Of 5-htt Expression With Auditory Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, peak expression of the 5-HTT (P16-P21) coincides with the age at which the auditory system is beginning to mature [Ehret, 1976;Shnerson and Willott, 1980]. The coincidence of 5-HTT expression with these events suggests that 5-HT may influence developmental processes that rely on input from the cochlea, such as maturation of the Cl -regulatory mechanisms in the LSO and regulation of glycinergic synapses in the MNTB [Leao et al, 2004;Shibata et al, 2004].…”

Section: Coincidence Of 5-htt Expression With Auditory Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal Expression of the Serotonin Transporter in Auditory Brainstem Neurons

Thompson

Lauder²

2005

Dev Neurosci

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To investigate the putative role of serotonin (5-HT) in auditory brainstem development, the expression of the 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) was evaluated in the normal mouse brainstem at 6 different postnatal ages. The brains of C3H/HeJ mice at birth (P0) and P1, P8–P9, P13, P21–P22, P35–P36 and P48–P50 were collected and processed immunohistochemically with an antibody raised against the 5-HTT. 5-HTT immunoreactivity (5-HTT-IR) was first observed in P8 mice and was localized to cell bodies in the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) and principal nuclei of the superior olivary complex, including the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body. Labeled neurons were found in similar regions in older mice except at P48–50, where labeled neurons were observed in the VCN only. 5-HTT-IR was especially prominent in VCN neurons at P21 and was observed in all of the brains examined at this age. These results indicate that auditory brainstem neurons of the normal inbred mouse express the 5-HTT postnatally. The presence of 5-HTT-IR in neurons located in the VCN indicates a regional expression of the 5-HTT that is related to the ascending auditory pathway. The timing of 5-HTT expression indicates that 5-HT may modulate developmental processes that rely on cochlear input.

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“…Henry (Henry and Haythorn 1978;Henry and Lepkowski 1978;Henry 1979;Henry and Chole 1979;Henry 1985;Henry et al 1985;Henry 1989) in the auditory periphery and by J.F. Willott (Willott and Shnerson 1978;Shnerson and Willott 1980;Willott et al 1982;Kulig and Williot 1984;Willott 1984;Willott et al 1988) in the auditory CNS. A particularly significant Btrilogy^of books originating with Willott bears mention.…”

Section: Application To Hearing and Vestibular Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Mouse Models to Research in Hearing and Balance

Ohlemiller

Jones

Johnson

2016

JARO

102

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Laboratory mice (Mus musculus) have become the major model species for inner ear research. The major uses of mice include gene discovery, characterization, and confirmation. Every application of mice is founded on assumptions about what mice represent and how the information gained may be generalized. A host of successes support the continued use of mice to understand hearing and balance. Depending on the research question, however, some mouse models and research designs will be more appropriate than others. Here, we recount some of the history and successes of the use of mice in hearing and vestibular studies and offer guidelines to those considering how to apply mouse models.

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Ontogeny of the acoustic startle response in C57BL/6J mouse pups.

Cited by 45 publications

References 11 publications

Ca_v1.3 Calcium Channels Are Required for Normal Development of the Auditory Brainstem

Ca_v1.3 Calcium Channels Are Required for Normal Development of the Auditory Brainstem

Postnatal Expression of the Serotonin Transporter in Auditory Brainstem Neurons

Application of Mouse Models to Research in Hearing and Balance

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Ontogeny of the acoustic startle response in C57BL/6J mouse pups.

Cited by 45 publications

References 11 publications

Cav1.3 Calcium Channels Are Required for Normal Development of the Auditory Brainstem

Cav1.3 Calcium Channels Are Required for Normal Development of the Auditory Brainstem

Postnatal Expression of the Serotonin Transporter in Auditory Brainstem Neurons

Application of Mouse Models to Research in Hearing and Balance

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Product

Resources

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Ca_v1.3 Calcium Channels Are Required for Normal Development of the Auditory Brainstem

Ca_v1.3 Calcium Channels Are Required for Normal Development of the Auditory Brainstem