Ontogeny of immunity in humans

Stites, Daniel P.; Caldwell, Joseph L.; Carr, Martin C.; Fudenberg, H. Hugh

doi:10.1016/0090-1229(75)90093-8

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…PHA and anti-CD3 showed little changes in absolute levels between 3 months and 3 years, consistent with the prenatal and early postnatal development of T cell competence (15). However, there was a trend for increasing median proliferative responses over time (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Large-Scale Prospective T Cell Function Assays in Shipped, Unfrozen Blood Samples: Experiences from the Multicenter TRIGR Trial

Hadley¹,

Cheung²,

Becker³

et al. 2013

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Large-Scale Prospective T Cell Function Assays in Shipped, Unfrozen Blood Samples: Experiences from the Multicenter TRIGR Trial

Hadley¹,

Cheung²,

Becker³

et al. 2013

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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“…These data are summarized in Table 1 Functional studies of B-and T -lymphocytes in human and murine fetal liver cells have also been reported [2,5,6,17,18]. Transplantation results in a variable reconstitution of the B-Iymphocyte axis in irradiated, fetal liver reconstituted mice [19~23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Attempts to demonstrate mature T-Iymphocytes in human fetal liver have been unsuccessful [5,6,17,18,49]. E-rosette forming cells, T-cells capable of binding sheep red blood cells, are present at < 1 % frequency.…”

Section: T -Lymphocyte Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of the immune system in human fetal liver

Gale

1987

Fetal Liver Transplantation

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Summary. Fetal liver is a major site of development of the human immune system. Pre-B and B-lymphocytes are present in the human fetal liver at 12 weeks in a random distribution and increase with gestation. Most fetal liver cells are pre-B but mature B-cells are also present. Functional assays and transplantation experiments indicate that these B-cells are functional and can transfer immunologic memory, albeit imperfectly, in fetal liver reconstituted recipients. T-cell development, in contrast, occurs predominantly in the thymus. Progenitors of T-cells are present in fetal liver and can restore T-cell immunity in irradiated recipients. Human fetal liver contains 1-2% mature T-cells; functional assays are likewise negative. NK cells have been detected in human fetal liver at low frequency. Fetal liver also contains non-T, non-B cells capable of suppressing the development of alloantigen reactive T -cells; these have been termed veto cells. In summary, human fetal liver contains progenitors of several types of lymphoid cells and is an important site of immune development. It also may playa role in the induction of self tolerance during maturation of the immune system. These features of fetal liver may have important implications for the success of fetal liver transplantation in man.

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“…Previous studies have shown that the humoral immune response is immature at birth (Stites et al, 1975;Anderson et al, 1981;Ballow et al, 1986) but relatively few studies have assessed the cellular immune response. In general, the cellular response in healthy, full-term infants, at least to T lymphocyte mitogens in vitro, has been similar to adults (Pittard, Miller & Sorensen, 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute shift in immune response to microbial activators in very-low-birth-weight infants

Veber

Cunningham‐Rundles

Schulman

et al. 1991

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYInvestigation of lymphocyte activation in vitro to microbial pathogens was undertaken in very-lowbirth-weight infants during the first 2 weeks of life. Twenty-three infants with birth weights less than 1500 g were studied on day 1. Normal adults (n = 23) and cord blood from seven full-term infants were used as controls. Longitudinal studies were also carried out on seven of the 23 infants 2 weeks following delivery. Results indicated that lymphocyte responses of very-low-birth-weight infants on day 1 of life were significantly greater than those of both adult controls and full-term infants, particularly to Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcal protein A. In contrast, response to the T cell mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) was significantly less in verylow-birth-weight infants than in adult controls and full-term infants. The seven very-low-birthweight infants studied showed a down-regulation of immune response in the 2 weeks following birth, such that responses on day 14 were significantly less than those on day I for the same activators. This shift in immune response appears to have important implications for the immune development and host defence in the post-natal period.

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Ontogeny of immunity in humans

Cited by 32 publications

References 35 publications

Large-Scale Prospective T Cell Function Assays in Shipped, Unfrozen Blood Samples: Experiences from the Multicenter TRIGR Trial

Large-Scale Prospective T Cell Function Assays in Shipped, Unfrozen Blood Samples: Experiences from the Multicenter TRIGR Trial

Development of the immune system in human fetal liver

Acute shift in immune response to microbial activators in very-low-birth-weight infants

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