Ontogeny of IgM-producing cells in the mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi identified by in situ hybridisation

Immune response of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus to outer membrane protein of Edwardsiella tarda

“…These results were well supported by several previous studies, which argued that the pronephros in teleost fish was the major site of antibody production containing mostly proliferating B cell precursors and plasma cells, whilst in contrast, the blood contains resting, non-Ig-secreting cells and lacks plasma cells [24]. Furthermore, a large number of IgMsecreting cells were also initially detected in pronephros during fish ontogenesis [25], suggesting the pronephros plays an import role in increasing antibody levels in serum after immunization.…”

Immunoglobulin M gene expression analysis of orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides, following heat shock and Vibrio alginolyticus challenge

“…Typical immune cells (granulocytes, lymphocytes, and macrophages) were found in thymus, kidney, and spleen, which were regarded as the major lymphoid organs in teleosts [24]. Further, IgM-producing cells were found to be existed in head kidney, spleen, thymus, intestine and gills of mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi [25], and the plasma cells around the blood vessel in the lymphohaematopoietic tissues, which involved in antigen trapping and lymphocyte stimulation [26]. In addition, the rapid migration of acidophilic granulocytes into the spleen was observed in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) after intact V. anguillarum injection, and the granulocytes may be involved in antigen capture [27].…”

Modulation of leukocytic populations of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) by the intestinal parasite Enteromyxum leei (Myxozoa: Myxosporea)

“…Nevertheless, the presence of thymus IgM-IRC was relatively high and constant, similar to the IgM-IRC content in spleen, and higher than in intestines of control (C) fish (about 4 and 10 times of posterior and anterior intestine levels, respectively). IgM-producing cells in the teleost thymus have led several authors to suggest the involvement of this organ in humoral immunity of fish (Tian et al 2009). Alternatively, IgM-bearing macrophages might be the IRCs we detected, since thymic macrophages also participate in the clearance of immature self-reactive thymocytes during the development of functional T cells (Bowden et al 2005).…”