Ontogeny of Cattle Haemoglobin

Kleihauer, E.; Brauchle, Eva; Brandt, Guilherme

doi:10.1038/2121272a0

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Changes in the types of haemoglobins produced in developing organisms have also been re ported for a number of other species (Gratzer & Allison i960;Muller 1961); for example, the cyclostome (Adinolfi, Chieffi & Siniscalco 1959), the rat , the mon key, Macaca speciosa (Kitchen, Eaton & Stenger 1968), cattle, pigs and sheep (Kleihauer & Stoffler 1968;Kleihauer, Brauchle & Brandt 1966;Grimes & Duncan 1959), and goats (Adams, Wrightstone, Miller & Huisman 1969). In cattle, pigs and sheep, two embryonic haemoglobins, similar in chain composition to Gower 1 and Gower 2 of the human embryo, are progressively replaced by foetal haemoglobin, and subsequently by the adult type haemoglobin.…”

Section: (D) Heterogeneity Of Haemoglobins Other Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 98%

The erythroid cells and haemoglobins of the chick embryo

Bruns

Ingram

1973

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

186

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The changes in the types of erythroid cells produced during embryogenesis of the chick have been correlated with the changes in the types of haemoglobins found in the embryo. Primitive erythroid cells constitute the only red blood cells of 2- to 5-day embryos. The first recognizable immature definitive erythroid cells appear in the embryonic circulation at 5 to 6 days and progressively replace the primitive cells, such that by 14 to 16 days the primitive cells constitute less than 1 % of the circulating erythroid cells. Primitive erythropoiesis is strikingly different from definitive erythropoiesis. At any one time point between 2 and 16 days, all of the isolated primitive cells appear, by morphological criteria, to be at the same stage of maturation, and, although variation in cell size is observed, for an individual maturation stage, the small cells are not more mature than the medium-size cells, nor are the large cells less mature than the medium or small cells. Maturing primitive erythroid cells undergo the progressive changes in cell structure characteristic of erythroid maturation in mammalian erythropoietic systems, but do so as a uniform cell population. Haemoglobin, isolated from primitive erythroid cells of 2- to 5-day embryos, shows two components on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, haemoglobin E and haemoglobin P. The haemoglobin E/P ratio is constant in lysates from 2- to 5-day embryos. A t 6 to 7 days when the first haemoglobinized immature definitive erythroid cells appear in the embryonic circulation, two new haemoglobin components are observed in lysates of erythroid cells. These two new haemoglobin components are electrophoretically and immunologically identical to the two haemoglobin components of adult chickens, haemoglobins A and D. As the definitive erythroid cells replace the primitive erythrocytes in the embryonic circulation, the haemoglobins A and D increase in amount and replace haemoglobin P. Haemoglobin P cannot be detected immunologically in erythroid cell lysates from 16-day embryos which contain less than 1 % primitive cells. In erythroid cell lysates from late embryos, which contained few, if any, primitive erythrocytes, a minor haemoglobin, electrophoretically similar to haemoglobin E on pH 10.3 polyacrylamide gels, is consistently observed. This component differs from haemoglobin E on pH 8.9 polyacrylmide gels, on Sephadex G-100 columns, on polyacrylamide gels of different porosities, and shows a reaction of only partial identity with haemoglobin E by two-dimensional immunodiffusion. This haemoglobin component, haemoglobin H, is detectable electrophoretically in lysates from 12-day embryos and immunologically in lysates from 8-day embryos. Haemoglobin H has not been observed in adult chickens. The switch from the production of primitive to definitive erythroid cells during development of the chick embryo is associated with the initiation of synthesis of three new haemoglobins, the two adult haemoglobins and haemoglobin H. The haemoglobin D /A ratio of adult chicken haemoglobin, determined from the ratio of gel scan peak masses, is 0.30. When haemoglobins D and A first appear in erythroid cell lysates from 6- to 7-day embryos, the haemoglobin D /A ratio is about 0.9. T he D/A ratio of lysates falls to 0.5 by 16 to 18 days, a time when 99 % of the erythroid cells of the embryo are mature definitive erythrocytes. However, the haemoglobin D /A ratio of lysates from late embryos and young chicks of 0.5 to 20 days of age is consistently greater than that of adult chicken haemoglobin. Definitive erythrocytes of chick embryos and young chicks appear to differ from definitive cells of adult chickens in at least two ways: the presence of haemoglobin H and the higher haemoglobin D/A ratio.

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Section: (D) Heterogeneity Of Haemoglobins Other Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 98%

The erythroid cells and haemoglobins of the chick embryo

Bruns

Ingram

1973

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

186

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“…Sequential changes in haemoglobin phenotype accompany embryonic and foetal erythroid cell development in many species. In both human and bovine development, epsilon-globin chains are replaced by gamma chains which in turn finally give way to the adult beta chains (Grimes et al, 1958;Kleihauer et al, 1966;Schmid & Thein, 1967;Hecht et al, 1966). Each type pairs with alpha-globin chains, which apparently are produced during all stages of development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Formation of Foetal and Adult Haemoglobin in Cell Cultures of Neonatal Calf Marrow

et al. 1970

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Summary Neonatal erythroid cells in the bovine respond to erythropoietin in vitro with a pari passu increase in the synthesis of both foetal and adult haemoglobins. With marked stimulation the effect upon the latter predominates. The conditions of cell culture, however, promote the formation of a protein with chromatographic characteristics of foetal gamma‐globin subunits, quite independently of the presence of erythropoietin or of haem synthesis. The results suggest that erythropoietin might be assigned a significant although indirect role in the gradual switchover of haemoglobin types during development.

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“…Kleihauer, Brauchle, and Brandt (1966) examined haemoglobins from embryos of Simmentaler cattle of 0-5-6-0 cm CRL. The haemoglobins were separated by starch gel electrophoresis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kleihauer et al (1966) and Kleihauer and St6ffler (1968) demonstrated that cattle, sheep, and pig embryos all go through a type of development similar to human embryos first producing two embryonic haemoglobins analogous to human Hbs Gower 1 and 2 which are later replaced by a fetal fraction and finally by the adult form. The amino-acid sequence of the y chain of bovine fetal haemoglobin has been determined (Babin et al, 1963).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal and embryonic haemoglobins.

Lorkin¹

1973

Journal of Medical Genetics

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Ontogeny of Cattle Haemoglobin

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

The erythroid cells and haemoglobins of the chick embryo

The erythroid cells and haemoglobins of the chick embryo

The Formation of Foetal and Adult Haemoglobin in Cell Cultures of Neonatal Calf Marrow

Fetal and embryonic haemoglobins.

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