Ontogeny and optics of the eyes of the common prawn Palaemon (Palaemon) serratus (Pennant, 1777)

Fincham, A. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1984.tb01173.x

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Both in general structure and optics these eyes are similar to the eyes of other shrimps (Doughtie & Rao, 1984;Fincham, 1984;Zyznar, 1970;Land, 1984). They are spherically symmetrical, reflecting superposition eyes typical of pelagic decapods (Hiller-Adams & Case, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Regional morphological variations in the compound eyes of certain mesopelagic shrimps in relation to their habitat

1992

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The anatomy of the eyes of several species of mesopelagic decapods (family Oplophoridae), obtained from the eastern north Atlantic, is described and related to the unique light environment of the deep seas. The oplophorid eyes are of the reflecting superposition type, but they show a number of regional morphological variations. The main rhabdom, formed by retinula cells Rl to R7, comes in a variety of shapes, from fusiform rhabdoms in the dorsal region of the eyes of Oplophorus spinosus to multi-lobed interdigitating rhabdoms in deepwater species. The distal rhabdom, contributed to each ommatidium by retinula cell R8, gradually increases in size towards the ventral part of the eye in Systellaspis debilis and O. spinosus. Histological examination of the tapetum shows that it is incomplete dorsally in some species from the upper mesopelagic zone (S. debilis, O. spinosus), and that the amount of reflecting pigment in the tapetal cells increases in the ventral part of the eye. The tapetum is complete in some deep-water species (Systellaspis cristata, Acanthephyra kingsleyi, A. pelagica). These adaptations of the rhabdoms and tapeta are thought to be concerned with increased sensitivity to the dim up-welling irradiance and to bioluminescence. A dorsal accessory compound eye consisting of a small group of apparently functional apposition-type ommatidia is described.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Regional morphological variations in the compound eyes of certain mesopelagic shrimps in relation to their habitat

1992

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“…Eye development in juvenile shrimps (Fincham 1984;Gaten and Herring, unpubl. ) involves the gradual transition from apposition to superposition optics.…”

Section: The Dorsal Apposition Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Geometrical optics of a galatheid compound eye

Gaten

1994

J Comp Physiol A

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The eyes of galatheid squat lobsters (Munida rugosa) are shown to be of the reflecting superposition type. In the dark-adapted state corneal lenses focus light at the level of the rhabdoms and light from more than 1000 facets is redirected to the superposifion focus by the reflecting surfaces of the crystalline cones. When the eye is light adapted, apposition optics are used. In this state paraxial light is focused by the corneal lens and the parabolic proximal end of the cone onto the distal end of a rhabdomeric lightguide. The latter transmits light across the clear zone to the rhabdom layer. In the dorsal part of the eye the individual ommatidia become progressively shorter until the cones and rhabdoms are no longer separated by a clear zone. Although formerly considered to be developing ommatidia, they are shown to be retained specifically for scanning the downwelling Jrradiance.

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“…Additional cases have been described in which apposition eyes ontogenetically precede those with superposition optics (Meyer-Rochow 1975, Fincham 1984, Nilsson et al 1986, Mishra et al 2006, but they are all restricted to decapod crustaceans. Peracarida like isopods and amphipods never possess superposition eyes, but exhibit a variety of apposition eye adaptations matching lifestyle and photic environment.…”

Section: The Retinal Organisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description and interpretation of the internal structure of a Cambrian crustacean compound eye

Schoenemann¹,

Clarkson²,

Castellani³

et al. 2014

Bull. Geosci.

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The exceptionally good preservation of phosphatised, three dimensionally preserved "Orsten" arthropods permits insight into the internal morphology of ancient compound eyes. Analysis, presented here, of the stalked eyes of a Cambrian "Orsten" crustacean reveals structures such as a cornea, a crystalline cone, rhabdomers belonging to possibly five or six sensory cells and an absence of a gap (known as the clear-zone) between dioptric structures and the retina. All these features collectively suggest that this compound eye is of the apposition type. Thus, the principle of mosaic vision likely dates back to Cambrian times, more than half a billion years ago. Using well-established methods this eye can be characterised as dim-light adapted and is likely to have belonged to a benthic organism like many others known from fossils of the Cambrian Alum Shale of Sweden. This seems to be one of the oldest known apposition eyes, and the structural differences between it and eyes more closely conforming to the tetraconate system are likely to be related to the small size of the eye and the photic environment in which it had to operate. Differences from typical compound eye organisation, such as for instance a smaller number of retinula cells than the more typical eight found in most tetraconate arthropods, suggest that either the tetraconate system is not basal and universal, as is often assumed, or that modifications to the system enabling the eye to improve photon capture had already occurred during the Cambrian. •

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Ontogeny and optics of the eyes of the common prawn Palaemon (Palaemon) serratus (Pennant, 1777)

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Regional morphological variations in the compound eyes of certain mesopelagic shrimps in relation to their habitat

Regional morphological variations in the compound eyes of certain mesopelagic shrimps in relation to their habitat

Geometrical optics of a galatheid compound eye

Description and interpretation of the internal structure of a Cambrian crustacean compound eye

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