Ontogeny and Line Differences in the Mitogenic Response of Chicken Lymphocytes

Lee, Lucy F.; Bacon, Larry D.

doi:10.3382/ps.0620579

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Many studies provide data showing greater immune responsiveness in MHC-B genetically susceptible birds. For example, lymphocytes from MDsusceptible Line P (MHC-B19) are more responsive to mitogens (ConA and PHA) than birds from MHC-B-resistant Line N birds (MHC-B21) (29,30). When infected in vitro lymphocytes from MHC-B-susceptible lines produce significantly more infected T cells compared to lymphocytes from MHC-B-resistant lines (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BG1 has a major role in MHC-linked resistance to malignant lymphoma in the chicken

Goto

Wang

Taylor

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Pathogen selection is postulated to drive MHC allelic diversity at loci for antigen presentation. However, readily apparent MHC infectious disease associations are rare in most species. The strong link between MHC- B haplotype and the occurrence of virally induced tumors in the chicken provides a means for defining the relationship between pathogen selection and MHC polymorphism. Here, we verified a significant difference in resistance to gallid herpesvirus-2 (GaHV-2)-induced lymphomas (Marek's disease) conferred by two closely-related recombinant MHC- B haplotypes. We mapped the crossover breakpoints that distinguish these haplotypes to the highly polymorphic BG1 locus. BG1 encodes an Ig-superfamily type I transmembrane receptor-like protein that contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM), which undergoes phosphorylation and is recognized by Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2). The recombinant haplotypes are identical, except for differences within the BG1 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR). The 3′-UTR of the BG1 allele associated with increased lymphoma contains a 225-bp insert of retroviral origin and showed greater inhibition of luciferase reporter gene translation compared to the other allele. These findings suggest that BG1 could affect the outcome of GaHV-2 infection through modulation of the lymphoid cell responsiveness to infection, a condition that is critical for GaHV-2 replication and in which the MHC- B haplotype has been previously implicated. This work provides a mechanism by which MHC- B region genetics contributes to the incidence of GaHV-2-induced malignant lymphoma in the chicken and invites consideration of the possibility that similar mechanisms might affect the incidence of lymphomas associated with other oncogenic viral infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BG1 has a major role in MHC-linked resistance to malignant lymphoma in the chicken

Goto

Wang

Taylor

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…A line of chickens selected for high plasma corticosterone had an impaired in vitro response of lymphocytes to PHA and greater MD tumor incidence and mortality than a low corticosterone line (Thompson et al, 1980). In contrast, Lee and Bacon (1983) reported that increased in vitro response of lymphocytes to phytohemaglutinin was associated with increased susceptibility to MD. However, Calnek et al (1989) dit not observe any general correlation between the responses of multiple genetic groups of chickens to mitogens Concavalin A and PHA or mixed lymphocyte reaction, and MD susceptibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Correlations of genetic resistance of chickens to Marek's disease viruses with vaccination protection and in vivo response to phytohemaglutinin

Gavora¹,

Spencer²,

Okada³

et al. 1990

Genet Sel Evol

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Twenty-three genetic groups of experimental and commercial meat and egg chickens were injected with moderately virulent BC-1 (exp 1) or highly virulent RB-LB (exp 2) Marek's disease (MD) virus. Birds of 7 genetic groups were divided into vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups and exposed by contact to the virulent RB-1B virus in exp 3. Response to phytohemaglutinin (PHA) injected in wing webs was measured in adult birds of all 23 groups (exp 4) to assess its relationship to MD resistance. There was a high correlation (0.8) between resistance of the genetic groups to the two viruses indicating that selection for resistance to one virus would be expected to improve resistance to the other virus. Regression of MD incidence in vaccinated birds on that in non-vaccinated birds resulted in regression coefficients of 0.41, 0.23, and 0.31% for males, females and combined sexes respectively, indicating that MD incidence increased linearly in vaccinated birds in relation to their genetic susceptibility to MD. Two significant correlations in males suggested that high swelling response to PHA may under some conditions be associated with MD resistance. However, the correlation coefficients were inconsistent and it was concluded that swelling response to PHA inoculated in the wing web is not predictive of MD resistance. chicken / Marek's disease / vaccination / phytohemaglutinin R.ésumé-Corrélations entre la résistance génétique de poulets aux virus de la maladie de Marek, la protection de la vaccination et la réaction in vivo à la phytohémagglutinine. Vingt-trois types génétiques de poulets, représentant des souches «chair» et «ponte» expérimentales et commerciales, ont été inoculés avec deux virus de la Maladie de Marek: le virus BC-1, modérément virulement (expérience 1) et le virus * Animal Research Centre Contribution No 1652 RB-1B, fortement virulent (expérience 2). Les sujets de sept types génétiques ont été repartis en groupes vaccinés et non vaccinés et ont été exposés par contact au virus virulent RB-1B dans l'expérience 3. La réaction à la phytohémagglutinine (PHA) injectée dans les membranes alaires a été mesurée chez des sujets adultes des 23 types génétiques (expérience 4) pour évaluer sa liaison avec la résistance à la maladie de Mareck. On constate une forte corrélation (0.8) entre la résistance des types génétiques aux deux virus, ce qui montre que la sélection pour la résistance à un virus semble améliorer la résistance à l'autre virus. La régression de la fréquence de la maladie de Marek chez les sujets vaccinés sur celle des sujets non vaccinés est de 0.41; 0.23; 0.31 % pour les mâles, les femelles et les deux sexes combinés respectivement, indiquant par là que, chez les sujets vaccinés, la fréquence de la maladie de Marek augmente de façon linéaire avec les sensibilités génétique à la maladie de Marek. Deux corrélations significatives à l'injection de PHA peut, dans certains conditions, être liée à la résistance à la maladie de Marek.

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“…Since the number of infected B cells and the number of infected T cells was greater in line 7 # than in line 6 " , the number of T cells which become activated and infected may be determined by the number of infected B cells. T cells of line 6 are less responsive to activation by T-cell mitogens than are those of line 7 (Gilmour & Fredericksen, 1981 ;Lee & Bacon, 1983), and it is possible that in line 6 fewer activated T cells are generated in response to the infection of B cells. However, it cannot be ruled out that infection of B and T lymphocytes are independent events and that differences in numbers of infected B and T cells in lines 6 " and 7 # reflect innate differences in distribution of these cells or their susceptibility to infection in the two lines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential susceptibility to Marek's disease is associated with differences in number, but not phenotype or location, of pp38+ lymphocytes.

Baigent

Ross

Davison

1998

Journal of General Virology

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Flow cytometric and immunocytochemical techniques were used to quantify, identify and locate Marek's disease herpesvirus (MDV)-infected lymphocytes in lymphoid organs of infected chickens, by expression of the virus antigen pp38. Two closely related lines of chicken, one susceptible to Marek's disease (line 7 2 ) and another resistant (line 6 1 ), were infected at 2 weeks of age and compared at 10 sampling times between 0 and 50 days post-infection. In both lines 6 1 and 7 2 , pp38 M lymphocytes were detected at 4-6 days in the spleen, thymus and bursa. pp38 M cells could not be detected from day 8 onwards. In both lines, pp38 M lymphocytes were located in the peri-ellipsoidal area of the spleen, the medulla of the thymic lobes

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Ontogeny and Line Differences in the Mitogenic Response of Chicken Lymphocytes

Cited by 34 publications

References 17 publications

BG1 has a major role in MHC-linked resistance to malignant lymphoma in the chicken

BG1 has a major role in MHC-linked resistance to malignant lymphoma in the chicken

Correlations of genetic resistance of chickens to Marek's disease viruses with vaccination protection and in vivo response to phytohemaglutinin

Differential susceptibility to Marek's disease is associated with differences in number, but not phenotype or location, of pp38+ lymphocytes.

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