Ontogenetic study of a myelin-derived fraction with 2′:3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodydrolase activity higher than that of myelin

Waehneldt, Thomas V.

doi:10.1042/bj1510435

Cited by 93 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, it is also likely that in these very young animals, large proportions of CNPase may be associated with "nonmyelin" structures such as myelin-like material and glial membranes. The enrichment of this enzyme activity in myelin-like membrane fractions has been well documented (Agrawal et al, 1970(Agrawal et al, ,1973(Agrawal et al, ,1974Waehneldt 1975) and recently Sabri et al (1975) have reported that in young rats most of the CNPase activity is isolated in the myelin-like and microsomal fractions. The plasma membranes of oligodendroglial cells (Poduslo, 1975) as well as the plasma membranes of cultured C-6 glial cells (Volpe et al, 1975) are also enriched in this enzyme activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Myelin subfractions isolated from mouse brain. Studies of normal mice during development, quaking mutants, and three brain regions

et al. 1977

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Myelin isolated from three areas of mouse brain, from whole brain at several ages in normal mice, and from whole brain of adult quaking mutant mice was separated into seven bands and a pellet on discontinuous density gradients using 0.32, 0.45, 0.55, 0.60, 0.70, 0.75 and 0.85 M sucrose. The distribution of myelin in the subfractions was independent of homogenization and shocking conditions employed to isolate the myelin preparations, but was related to the type of myelin applied to the gradient. Compared to myelin isolated from older animals, myelin isolated from 18-24 day old mice displayed a distribution pattern with greater proportions of material banding at lesser sucrose densities. Similarly, myelin obtained from hindbrain contained proportionately more material layering at lesser sucrose densities compared to myelin isolated from cerebral cortex. Myelin subfraction patterns observed for 8-12 day old control mice and quaking mutants were unlike each other or any other myelin preparation examined. In the 18-90 days old animals, the markers studied were not uniformly distributed among the myelin subfractions. The pellet and the layer banding at the 0.75/0.85 M sucrose interface contained the highest specific concentrations of sialic acid, nucleic acid, and total adenosine triphosphatase activity. In contrast, the specific activity of 2',3'-cyclicnucleotide-3'-phosphohydrolase was lowest in the pellet as well as the three bands obtained above 0.60 M sucrose and was highest in the fraction banding at the 0.65/0.70 M sucrose interface. The results obtained were not consistent with an artifactual origin of the myelin subfractions, but instead suggested that the subfraction have physiological significance. One explanation for the different banding patterns observed between young and mature myelin may be the different amount of myelin in various brain regions during development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Myelin subfractions isolated from mouse brain. Studies of normal mice during development, quaking mutants, and three brain regions

et al. 1977

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“…Rat brain myelin was purified by differential centrifugation through sucrose by the method in [20] as modified [3]. This method yields highly purified myelin [3,20].…”

Section: Preparation Of Rat Brain Myelinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biochemical manifestations of myelination include rapid accumulation of the myelin membrane proteins [2,3]. These can be divided into three classes; the proteolipid proteins, the basic proteins and the Wolfgram proteins [3-61.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of tubulin associated with rat brain myelin

Gozes

Richter‐Landsberg

1978

FEBS Letters

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“…The importance of the effect of ethanol on CNP activity relates in part to the latter as a well-established marker of oligodendroglia [10][11][12][13] and to the fact that the expression of this enzymatic activity has been shown to be an early manifestation of myelinogenesis both in vivo [for example, see 55] and in dis sociated mixed glial cultures [37]. In the human, early manifestations of cerebral my elinogenesis occur in the third trimester of gestation [56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specific objective of this study, therefore, was to study the effect of clinically relevant concentrations of ethanol on DNA synthesis and differentiation of glia. Glial dif ferentiation was monitored by expression of the enzymatic markers, glutamine synthetase for astrocytes [8,9], and 2',3'-cyclic nu cleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase (CNP) for oligodendroglia [10][11][12][13]. Grove Village, III., USA) was employed, and quantifi cation of radioactivity was achieved with a liquid scintil lation counter model 4000 series (Packard Instrument Co., Downer Grove, III., USA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol in Clinically Relevant Concentrations Enhances Expression of Oligodendroglial Differentiation but Has No Effect on Astrocytic Differentiation or DNA Synthesis in Primary Cultures

Bass

Volpe²

1989

Dev Neurosci

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Primary cultures of cerebral glia derived from newborn rat brain were utilized to evaluate the effects of ethanol on DNA synthesis and cellular differentiation. Glutamine synthetase was employed as a marker for astrocytic differentiation and 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphohydrolase (CNP), for oligodendroglial differentiation. Concentrations of ethanol of 17–86 mM, i.e., a concentration range comparable to that observed in humans, were utilized. No effect of ethanol on DNA synthesis was observed, despite the use of synchronized cultures. Similarly, no effect of ethanol on the developmental increase of glutamine synthetase activity was seen, despite the use of astrocytes purified by the selective detachment technique and a prolonged duration of exposure to ethanol (17 days). In contrast, however, a striking enhancement of CNP activity was demonstrable in both mixed glial cultures and in oligodendroglia purified by the selective detachment technique. In the latter cells, the stimulatory effect of ethanol was evident within 9 days of exposure, and after 17 days of exposure, ethanol-treated cells exhibited a two-fold higher CNP activity than did control cells. This peak effect was observed at an ethanol concentration of only 17 mM. Thus, these data indicate that (1) clinically relevant concentrations of ethanol have no effect on either DNA synthesis or on at least one expression of astrocytic differentiation in glial primary cultures, but (2) these concentrations exert a striking enhancement of CNP activity, a marker of oligodendroglial differentiation. The findings have implications both for the effects of ethanol on the developing nervous system and the regulation of oligodendroglial differentiation.

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Ontogenetic study of a myelin-derived fraction with 2′:3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodydrolase activity higher than that of myelin

Cited by 93 publications

References 17 publications

Myelin subfractions isolated from mouse brain. Studies of normal mice during development, quaking mutants, and three brain regions

Myelin subfractions isolated from mouse brain. Studies of normal mice during development, quaking mutants, and three brain regions

Identification of tubulin associated with rat brain myelin

Ethanol in Clinically Relevant Concentrations Enhances Expression of Oligodendroglial Differentiation but Has No Effect on Astrocytic Differentiation or DNA Synthesis in Primary Cultures

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