Ontogenetic pattern of gyrification in fetuses of cynomolgus monkeys

Sawada, Kazuhiko; Sun, Xue Zhi; Fukunishi, Katsuhiro; Kashima, Masatoshi; Saito, Shigeyoshi; Sakata‐Haga, Hiromi; Sukamoto, Takayuki; Aoki, Ichio; Fukui, Yoshihiro

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.02.045

Cited by 15 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The GI values then increased in the caudal third (parieto‐occipital) region in the middle and later stages (31 and 40 weeks of gestation). A similar ontogenetic pattern of GI distribution during periods of primary sulcogyrogenesis has been observed in Old World cynomolgus monkeys (Sawada et al ), and New World monkeys, common marmosets (Sawada et al ). Sawada et al () also proposed developmental stages of the gyrification processes in primates based on cerebral growth and cortical folding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Dynamics of gyrification in the human cerebral cortex during development

Yoshida

Ishizu

Yamada

et al. 2017

Congenital Anomalies

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This study quantitatively characterized cortical gyrus folding over human neocortical development by calculating the gyrification index (GI) in 22 human fetal specimens from 16 to 40 weeks with magnetic resonance imaging data. GI values remained constant at approximately 1.0 until the fetal specimens reached 500 g body weight and 200 mm crown-rump length (CRL), respectively, and then increased in correlation with the body weight and CRL. The rostrocaudal GI distribution in the cerebral cortex revealed a correspondence of GI peaks with indentations of early-generated primary sulci at 21 weeks of gestation and more frequently increased GI values in the parieto-occipital region than in the fronto-temporal region at 31 and 40 weeks of gestation. These results provide a quantitative reference set for gyrification in normal human cortical development, which may help reveal the mechanism of neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Dynamics of gyrification in the human cerebral cortex during development

Yoshida

Ishizu

Yamada

et al. 2017

Congenital Anomalies

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“…Rather, patterns in monkeys showing considerable increases in sulcal infolding in the occipital region and secondary and tertiary sulci formation in the frontoparietal region indicate that this period may define species-specific topography of gyri (Fukunishi et al, 2006; Kashima et al, 2008; Sawada et al, 2010, 2012a). For example, increased sulcal infolding in the frontal region of humans (Dubois et al, 2008) compared to macaques (Sawada et al, 2010) underscores the numerous human-specific adaptations to the prefrontal cortex (e.g., Sherwood et al, 2006; Bianchi et al, 2012); and disproportionate inter-indiviual variation in humans in the anterior prefrontal cortex further underscores the phylogenetic recentness and plasticity of this region (Huttner et al, 2005). The terminus of gyrencephaly, too, shows species-specificity: degree of gyrencephaly stabilizes in baboons around birth (Kochunov et al, 2010), while in macaques and humans it reaches a maximum around 1 year after birth (Sawada et al, 2012a).…”

Section: The Chronology Of Neocortical Folding During Development mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conical expansion of the outer subventricular zone and the role of neocortical folding in evolution and development

Lewitus¹,

Kelava²,

Huttner³

2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

100

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There is a basic rule to mammalian neocortical expansion: as it expands, so does it fold. The degree to which it folds, however, cannot strictly be attributed to its expansion. Across species, cortical volume does not keep pace with cortical surface area, but rather folds appear more rapidly than expected. As a result, larger brains quickly become disproportionately more convoluted than smaller brains. Both the absence (lissencephaly) and presence (gyrencephaly) of cortical folds is observed in all mammalian orders and, while there is likely some phylogenetic signature to the evolutionary appearance of gyri and sulci, there are undoubtedly universal trends to the acquisition of folds in an expanding neocortex. Whether these trends are governed by conical expansion of neocortical germinal zones, the distribution of cortical connectivity, or a combination of growth- and connectivity-driven forces remains an open question. But the importance of cortical folding for evolution of the uniquely mammalian neocortex, as well as for the incidence of neuropathologies in humans, is undisputed. In this hypothesis and theory article, we will summarize the development of cortical folds in the neocortex, consider the relative influence of growth- vs. connectivity-driven forces for the acquisition of cortical folds between and within species, assess the genetic, cell-biological, and mechanistic implications for neocortical expansion, and discuss the significance of these implications for human evolution, development, and disease. We will argue that evolutionary increases in the density of neuron production, achieved via maintenance of a basal proliferative niche in the neocortical germinal zones, drive the conical migration of neurons toward the cortical surface and ultimately lead to the establishment of cortical folds in large-brained mammal species.

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“…2009). In the cynomolgus monkey, which belongs to the Old World monkey group, a characteristic gyrification pattern is formed by the progressive infolding in the parietooccipital region, following the completion of primary sulcus generation (Sawada et al . 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphism of sulcal length asymmetry in the cerebrum of adult cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Imai

Sawada

Fukunishi

et al. 2011

Congenital Anomalies

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The present study aimed to quantitatively clarify the gross anatomical asymmetry and sexual dimorphism of the cerebral hemispheres of cynomolgus monkeys. While the fronto-occipital length of the right and left cerebral hemispheres was not different between sexes, a statistically significant rightward asymmetry was detected in the cerebral width at the perisylvian region in females, but not in males (narrower width of the left side in the females). An asymmetry quotient of the sulcal lengths revealed a rightward asymmetry in the inferior occipital sulcus and a leftward asymmetry in the central and intraparietal sulci in both sexes. However, the laterality of the lengths of other sulci was different for males and females. The arcuate sulcus was directed rightward in males but there was no rightward bias in females. Interestingly, the principle sulcus and lateral fissure were left-lateralized in the males, but right-lateralized in the females. The results suggest that lateralization patterns are regionally and sexually different in the cerebrum of cynomolgus monkeys. The present results provide a reference for quantitatively evaluating the normality of the cerebral cortical morphology in cynomolgus monkeys.

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Ontogenetic pattern of gyrification in fetuses of cynomolgus monkeys

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Dynamics of gyrification in the human cerebral cortex during development

Dynamics of gyrification in the human cerebral cortex during development

Conical expansion of the outer subventricular zone and the role of neocortical folding in evolution and development

Sexual dimorphism of sulcal length asymmetry in the cerebrum of adult cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

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