Ontogenesis, Differentiation and Precocious Germination in Anther-derived Somatic Embryos of Grapevine (Vitis viniferaL.): Embryonic Organogenesis

Faure, Olivier; Aarrouf, Jawad; Nougarède, Arlette

doi:10.1006/anbo.1996.0091

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Although the plant conversion rate could be improved by 6-BA to some extent, it remained low (43.3%) in European Grape 'Moldova', which might result in abnormal shoot apexes during the somatic embryo germination. This presumption is consistent with the results achieved by Faure et al (1996) who proposed that the low rate of conversion into plantlets of grapevine somatic embryos might result from a precocious germination leading to abnormal structure and function of the shoot meristem. Goebel-Tourand et al (1993) also reported that the arrest of shoot development was the limiting step during the conversion of somatic embryos into plantlets.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Somatic embryogenesis and histological analysis from zygotic embryos in Vitis vinifera L. ‘Moldova’

et al. 2008

For. Stud. China

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We examined the somatic embryogenesis from and histological studies of zygotic embryos of seeds in European Grape 'Moldova' (Vitis vinifera L. 'Moldova'). Primary calli were initiated on Nitsch and Nitsch (NN) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg·L -1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg·L -1 6-BA. Embryogenic calli were produced upon transfer to a NN medium with 0.5 mg·L -1 6-BA and 2 mg·L -1 NAA and somatic embryos were obtained on a half strength MS medium without plant growth regulators. During the somatic embryo germination, an addition of 1.0 mg·L -1 6-BA in the medium could accelerate somatic embryos to develop into normal plants and increase the conversion rate from 0 to 43.3%. Histological studies of embryogenic calli and somatic embryos demonstrated dynamic changes of proteins and starch grains. The developmental processes of somatic embryos were similar to those of zygotic embryos, including typical epiderma, cotyledon primordium and vascular tissue.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Somatic embryogenesis and histological analysis from zygotic embryos in Vitis vinifera L. ‘Moldova’

et al. 2008

For. Stud. China

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“…These observations differ from those made by Canhoto & Cruz (1996). But embryo origin is difficult to determine exactly (Faure et al, 1996), in spite of the numerous anatomical slices analyzed. In any case, a dual origin has been already been suggested for somatic embryos (Barciela & Vieitz, 1993;Puigderrojols et al, 2001;Williams & Maheswaran, 1986).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

In vitro regeneration of Didymopanax morototoni

2006

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The present study aimed at establishing a complete plant regeneration protocol for Didymopanax morototoni (matchwood), a native Brazilian forest species. Four types of explants (root, shoot, node, and cotyledonary leaves) were obtained from in vitro germinated seeds. In the first step, woody plant medium (WPM) with casein hydrolysate (250 mgL ). Twenty days after inoculation, the material was evaluated. Embryogenic calli were split, transferred to expression medium with several combinations of NAA and KIN, and moved to fresh medium after 60 days. Light did not interfere in embryo expression. Somatic embryos were formed either from individual cells or cell clusters. Plantlets were obtained in WPM medium and 10 gL -1 of sucrose with no plant regulator, or using 0.1 mgL -1 BAP and 0.5 mgL -1 GA. Plantlets from somatic embryos of D. morototoni developed in 33% of the cases.Keywords: somatic embryo, woody plants, embryogenesis, plantlets, Schefflera (Didymopanax), Araliaceae. RESUMO Regeneração in vitro de Didymopanax morototoniO presente estudo visou o estabelecimento de um completo protocolo de regeneração para Didymopanax morototoni (morototó, caixeta) uma espécie florestal nativa do Brasil. Quatro tipos de explantes (raiz, caule, nódulo foliar e folha cotiledonar) foram obtidos a partir de sementes germinadas. Na primeira etapa, meio WPM com caseína hidrolisada (250 mgL -1 ) e 2,4D (1,0 e 5,0 mgL -1 ) foram usados em combinação com cinetina (0,1 ou 1,0 mg L -1 ). Vinte dias depois de inoculado, o material foi avaliado. Calos embriogênicos foram divididos e transferidos para meio de expressão com várias combinações de ácido naftaleno-acético e cinetina, e repicados a cada 60 dias para meio novo. A luz não interferiu na expressão embriogênica. Embriões somáticos foram formados ou de células individuais ou de agregados de células. As plântulas foram obtidas no meio WPM com 10 g L -1 de sacarose e sem reguladores de crescimento ou com 0,1 mg L -1 de Benzil-adenina e 0,5 mg L -1 de giberelina. O desenvolvimento das plântulas a partir de embriões somáticos de D. morototoni foi alcançada em 33% dos casos.Palavras-chave: embrião somático, plantas lenhosas, embriogênese, Schefflera (Didymopanax), Araliaceae.

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“…In most reports difficulties of somatic embryo germination and plant development were noted (Goebel-Tourand et al 1993;Gray and Mortensen 1987;Jayasankar et al 1999;Mauro et al 1986;Rajasekaran et al 1982). The failure of germination and conversion of grapevine somatic embryo was due to the lack of a functional apical shoot in mature embryos (Faure et al 1996). Therefore further studies are needed to optimize the percentage of somatic embryo conversion into plantlets.…”

Section: Somatic Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 98%

In vitro tetraploid induction via colchicine treatment from diploid somatic embryos in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)

Yang

Cao

et al. 2006

Euphytica

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A protocol for in vitro induction of tetraploids via colchicine-treated somatic embryos from immature zygotic embryos of diploid grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is reported. Embryogenic callus was initiated from immature zygotic embryos cultured on Nitsch and Nitsch (NN) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The callus was transferred to NN medium containing 1.0 mg/ l a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 0.5 mg/l benzyladenine (BA) to establish somatic embryogenesis. The vigorously growing globular embryos were selected and treated by 0, 10 or 20 mg/l colchicine for 1, 2 or 3 days, and then immediately transferred to NN medium supplemented with 0.03 mg/l NAA and 0.5 mg/l BA, for somatic embryo conversion and plant regeneration. The number of surviving embryos and regenerated plantlets following colchicine treatment decreased with increasing colchicine concentration and treatment time. Among 29 randomly investigated plantlets regenerated from colchicine-treated somatic embryos, five solid tetraploids (2n = 4· = 76) were identified by chromosome counting analysis; all others were diploid (2n = 2· = 38). Ploidy level of plant regenerated was also determined from leaves using flow cytometry. No chimeras with both 2C and 4C nuclei was produced from colchicinetreated somatic embryos. Significant differences in leaf stomata parameters were observed between diploid and induced tetraploid plantlets.

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Ontogenesis, Differentiation and Precocious Germination in Anther-derived Somatic Embryos of Grapevine (Vitis viniferaL.): Embryonic Organogenesis

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

Somatic embryogenesis and histological analysis from zygotic embryos in Vitis vinifera L. ‘Moldova’

Somatic embryogenesis and histological analysis from zygotic embryos in Vitis vinifera L. ‘Moldova’

In vitro regeneration of Didymopanax morototoni

In vitro tetraploid induction via colchicine treatment from diploid somatic embryos in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)

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