Onthophagus gazella
:
1
Effect on Survival of Horn Flies
2
in the Laboratory

Blume, Richard R.; Matter, Jesse J.; Eschle, J. L.

doi:10.1093/ee/2.5.811

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The factors which influence the suitability of dung as a breeding medium for a larval fly include both abiotic factors, such as dung moisture and chemical composition (Greenham, 1972;Cook & Spain, 1980;Palmer & Bay, 1982Matthiesson & Hayles, 1983), and biotic factors, such as competition with dung beetles (Blume et al, 1973;Moon, 1980;Fay & Doube, 1983;Fay, 1986) or with other coprophagous dung inhabitants. In our experiments we have used a standard source of dung without other competitors and have attempted to minimise the loss of moisture from the dung by maintaining it on plastic sheeting in a humid chamber.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of intraspecific larval competition on the development of the African buffalo fly Haematobia thirouxi potans

Doube

Moola

1987

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The effects of larval crowding on development, survival and size of the African buffalo fly, Haematobia thirouxi potans (Bezzi), were examined in small (10 or 20 g) and 1000 g masses of cattle dung in the laboratory at 25°C. Dung was infested with fly eggs at densities which ranged from 0.05 to 32.0 eggs per g dung; in most cases 90–100% of eggs hatched. The duration of larval development in 10 g dung masses was extended by larval crowding at densities above 0.8 eggs per g dung and the development period with 32 eggs per g dung (11 days) was double that observed in uncrowded dung masses. Both size and survival decreased with increasing larval density, but stunting was observed at lower densities than those which reduced survival and so size was the more sensitive index of the adequacy of the larval environment. The effects of larval crowding became evident at lower larval densities in the 1000 g dung masses than in the 10 g dung masses. There was a minimum size below which third instar larvae failed to pupariate. The probability of survival was related to pupal size and a high proportion of the smaller individuals failed to eclose. Résumé Effets de la competition intraspécifique sur le développement des larves, la taille des pupes et la survie d'Haematobia thirouxi potans Les effets du surpeuplement larvaire sur le développement, la survie et la taille d'Haematobia thirouxi potans, ont été examinés sur de petites quantités de bouse (10 et 20 g) et de plus importantes (1000 g), au laboratoire à 25°C. Les bouses étaient contaminées avec des oeufs de la mouche à des densités de 0,05 à 32 oeufs par gramme de bouse. Dans la plupart des cas le taux d'éclosion était de 90–100%. La durée du développement larvaire dans 10 g de bouse a été prolongée pour les densités supérieures a 0,8 oeuf per g, et la durée développement pour 32 oeufs per g (11 jours) était le double de celle obtenue grand il n'y avait pas surpeuplement. La taille et la survie diminuent toutes les deux avec la densité larvaire, mais la miniaturisation était observée à des densités où la survie n'était pas modifiée; ainsi la taille est un indice plus sensible de l'adéquation de l'habitat larvaire. Les effets du surpeuplement larvaires deviennent clairs à des densités plus faibles avec 1000 g de la bouse qu'avec 10 g. Il y a eu une taille minimale endessous de laquelle les larves étaient incapables de former une pupe. La probabilité d'éclosion était liée à la taille de la pupe, et une plus forte proportion de petits individus ne sont pas parvenu à éclore.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of intraspecific larval competition on the development of the African buffalo fly Haematobia thirouxi potans

Doube

Moola

1987

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…In the case of brood care parents invest much time and energy to provide their offspnng with food and protect them from comjsetition, predation, and parasitism Selecting an appropnate nesting site is a basic requirement for successful reproduction and rewarding parental investment Within coprophagous Scarabaeid beetles most species which evolved brood care behaviour are called "paracopnd" They build tunnels and brood chambers in the soil beneath the dung pat and provide them with dung, while telecopnd Scarabaeidae roll away dung balls Many field observations indicate that the distnbution of para-and telecopnd Scarabaeidae depends on soil quality as shown in Typhaeus typhoeus (Brussaard and Slager 1986), Scarabaeus semipunctatus and Scarabeus sacer (Lumaret and Kirk 1987) Africa (Cambefort 1991) and three Phanaeus sjjecies from the south-western parts of the USA (Fincher 1973) On the level of communities sf>ecies composition can depend on soil parameters (Doube 1983, Avila and Pascual 1986, Hanski and Cambefort 1991 Sandy soils are preferred to humous soils by most middle European Onthophagus-sptcies with the exception of O coenobtta which prefers loamy soils (Burmeister 1930) Further, as dung IS removed from the surface, para-and telecopnd dung beetles are able to reduce the density of dung flies on pastures (Bomemissza 1970, Blume et al 1973, Legner and Warkentm 1991, and soil qualitiy is improved (Rougon et al 1990, Yokoyama et al 1991 In this paper I examine the preferences of three middle-European Omhophagus-species regarding soil type and soil moisture and the impact of habitat selection of tbe adults on larval survival rates under laboratory conditions…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat selection and offspring survival rate in three paracoprid dung beetles: the influence of soil type and soil moisture

Sowig

1995

Ecography

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Sowig, P 1995 Habitat selection and offspnng survival rate m three paracopnd dung beetles the influence of soil type and soil moisture -Ecography 18 147-154Paracopnd dung beetles build brood chambers in the soil beneath a dung pat and provide them with dung Onthophagus species lay one egg into each chamber This paper deals with the influence of soil type and soil moisture on micro-habitat selection and survival of offspnng m three middle-European Onthophagus-species {O coenobita, O fracticomis and O vacca) Discnmination between sandy soils with three different loam contents (0%, 20%, 40%) and four different water contents (4%, 8%, 12%, 16%) was tested in the laboratory Dunng the first 24 h of each replicate beetles which colonized one of the patches did not distinguish between different soil conditions Emigration rates, measured as time when 50% of all individuals had left the patch, and numbers of brood chambers proved to be species specific and depended on soil moisture and soil type Survival rates of the larvae in the brood chambers were influenced nearly exclusively by soil moisture The results are discussed in relation to the ecology of the three species and in context with optimal foraging theones P Sowig, Biologisches Inst J (Zoologie),

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“…Beetles of the subfamily Scarabaeinae are important primary decomposers of dung. Their potential for pasture improvement and pest control (Bornemissza, 1960(Bornemissza, , 1970(Bornemissza, , 1976Bryan, 1973;Waterhouse, 1974;Hughes, 1975;Macqueen & Beirne, 1975) has resulted in exotic species being introduced to Australia (Bornemissza, 1976(Bornemissza, , 1979, North America (Blume et al, 1973;Lancaster & Hunter, 1978) and other regions (Fullaway, 1921;Halffter & Matthews, 1966) where exotic cattle have become common and the diversity of indigenous scarabaeine beetles is relatively low. Dung beetles are known to be more abundant in some habitats than in others, and both soil type and vegetative cover influence those preferences (Fincher et al, 1970;Howden & Nealis, 1975;Bornemissza, 1976;Nealis, 1977;Hanski & Koskela, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The habitat preference of some bovine dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Hluhluwe Game Reserve, South Africa

Doube¹

1983

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The effects of vegetative cover and soil type on the abundance and distribution of 50 species of scarabaeine dung beetle were examined during three successive days in January 1979 in Hluhluwe Game Reserve, South Africa. Pitfall traps baited with bovine dung were set at intervals of 20 m in a transect across a 20–ha patch of grassveld surrounded by Acacia bushveld. One end of the transect was on clay–loam soil and the other on sandy loam. In all, 32 936 specimens were caught, representing 71 species from 22 genera. Thirty–two species were diurnal and 18 were crepuscular or nocturnal. Twenty–six species were more abundant in bushveld than in grassveld, and eight species were more abundant in grassveld than in bushveld. Soil type influenced the relative abundance of 23 species. The degree of habitat specificity varied widely between species. During overcast weather, both bushveld and grassveld species became abundant in the transitional zone between bushveld and grassveld where the light intensity was similar to that in bushveld on a clear day. It is suggested that light intensity is one characteristic by which beetles recognise bushveld and grassveld.

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Onthophagus gazella : 1 Effect on Survival of Horn Flies 2 in the Laboratory

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of intraspecific larval competition on the development of the African buffalo fly Haematobia thirouxi potans

Effects of intraspecific larval competition on the development of the African buffalo fly Haematobia thirouxi potans

Habitat selection and offspring survival rate in three paracoprid dung beetles: the influence of soil type and soil moisture

The habitat preference of some bovine dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Hluhluwe Game Reserve, South Africa

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