Onset of the Mid‐Cretaceous greenhouse in the Barremian‐Aptian: Igneous events and the biological, sedimentary, and geochemical responses

Larson, Roger L.; Erba, Elisabetta

doi:10.1029/1999pa900040

Cited by 394 publications

(227 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In particular, short-term phenomena (< 1 Myr) such as Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs) are marked by strong environmental changes, thought to have been triggered by the rapid injection of huge amounts of CO 2 into the ocean-atmosphere system from volcanic sources (Jenkyns, 2010(Jenkyns, , 2003Larson, 1991;Larson & Erba, 1999;Weissert & Erba, 2004;Weissert et al, 1998). The increase of atmospheric pCO 2 at the onset of OAEs would have initiated a cascade of palaeoenvironmental perturbations starting with rapid global warming, possibly causing dissociation of gas hydrates as a climatic amplifier, as well as promoting increased weathering and enhanced nutrient runoff into the oceans that resulted in enhanced marine productivity and organic-carbon flux to the seafloor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium-isotope evidence for enhanced silicate weathering during OAE 1a (Early Aptian Selli event)

Lechler

Strandmann

Jenkyns

et al. 2015

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

100

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An abrupt rise in temperature, forced by a massive input of CO 2 into the atmosphere, is commonly invoked as the main trigger for Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs). Global warming initiated a cascade of palaeoenvironmental perturbations starting with increased continental weathering and an accelerated hydrological cycle that delivered higher loads of nutrients to coastal areas, stimulating biological productivity.The end-result was widespread anoxia and deposition of black shales: the hallmarks of OAEs. In order to assess the role of weathering as both an OAE initiator and terminator (via CO 2 sequestration) during the Early Aptian OAE 1a (Selli Event, ~120 Ma) the isotopic ratio of lithium isotopes was analysed in three sections of shallowmarine carbonates from the Pacific and Tethyan realm and one basinal pelagic section from the Tethyan domain. Because the isotopic composition of lithium in seawater is largely controlled by continental silicate weathering and high-and lowtemperature alteration of basaltic material, a shift to lighter  7 Li values is expected to characterize OAEs. The studied sections illustrate this phenomenon:  7 Li values decrease to a minimum coincident with the negative carbon-isotope excursion that effectively records the onset of OAE 1a. A second negative  7 Li excursion occurs coeval with the minimum in strontium isotopes after the event. The striking similarity to the strontium-isotope record argues for a common driver. The formation and destruction (weathering) of an oceanic LIP could account for the parallel trend in both isotope systems. The double-spike in lithium isotopes is probably related to a change in weathering congruencies. Such a chemostratigraphy is consistent with the hypothesis that an increase in silicate weathering, in conjunction with organic-carbon burial, led to drawdown of atmospheric CO 2 during the early Aptian OAE 1a.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium-isotope evidence for enhanced silicate weathering during OAE 1a (Early Aptian Selli event)

Lechler

Strandmann

Jenkyns

et al. 2015

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

100

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“…40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of the basalt from DSDP Site 317 indicated that the basalts were erupted around 123.7 ± 1.5 Ma (Mahoney et al 1993;Larson and Erba 1999). The vesicular character of the basalts also indicates that the eruptions took place in shallow water ).…”

Section: Discussion Of Isopach Mappingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Vertical tectonics of the High Plateau region, Manihiki Plateau, Western Pacific, from seismic stratigraphy

Stock

Clayton

et al. 2008

Mar Geophys Res

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The Manihiki Plateau is an elevated oceanic volcanic plateau that was formed mostly in Early Cretaceous time by hotspot activity. We analyze new seismic reflection data acquired on cruise KIWI 12 over the High Plateau region in the southeast of the plateau, to look for direct evidence of the location of the heat source and the timing of uplift, subsidence and faulting. These data are correlated with previous seismic reflection lines from cruise CATO 3, and with the results at DSDP Site 317 at the northern edge of the High Plateau. Seven key reflectors are identified from the seismic reflection profiles and the resulting isopach maps show local variations in thickness in the southeastern part of the High Plateau, suggesting a subsidence (cooling) event in this region during Late Cretaceous and up to Early Eocene time. We model this as a hotspot, active and centered on the High Plateau area during Early Cretaceous time in a near-ridge environment. The basement and Early Cretaceous volcaniclastic layers were formed by subaerial and shallow-water eruption due to the volcanic activity. After that, the plateau experienced erosion. The cessation of hotspot activity and subsequent heat loss by Late Cretaceous time caused the plateau to subside rapidly. The eastern and southern portions of the High Plateau were rifted away following the cessation of hot spot activity. As the southeastern portion of the High Plateau was originally higher and above the calcium carbonate compensation depth, it accumulated more sediments than the surrounding plateau regions. Apparently coeval with the rapid subsidence of the plateau are normal faults found at the SE edge of the plateau. Since Early Eocene time, the plateau subsided to its present depth without significant deformation.

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“…It was emplaced during three volcanic phases in the early Cretaceous: the initial formation phase (>125 Ma), followed by the expansion phase (∼125-116 Ma) and secondary volcanism (∼110-65 Ma; Pietsch & Uenzelmann-Neben 2015). During the expansion phase, previously referred to as main formation phase, massive eruptions of tholeiitic basalts occurred (Lanphere & Dalrymple 1976;Shipboard Scientific Party 1976;Mahoney et al 1993;Larson & Erba 1999;Hoernle et al 2010;Timm et al 2011), resulting in anomalously thick oceanic crust (Hussong et al 1979) that comprises a thickness up to 20 km on the High Plateau (Hochmuth et al, in preparation). Secondary volcanism (∼100-65 Ma) consisted of alkaline volcaniclastics (Ingle et al 2007;Hoernle et al 2010;Timm et al 2011), which broadened and flattened the topographic appearance of the High Plateau and preferentially occurred at the margins of the High Plateau (Pietsch & Uenzelmann-Neben 2015).…”

Section: The Manihiki Plateaumentioning

confidence: 99%

The Manihiki Plateau—a key to missing hotspot tracks?

Pietsch

Uenzelmann-Neben

2016

Geophys. J. Int.

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Onset of the Mid‐Cretaceous greenhouse in the Barremian‐Aptian: Igneous events and the biological, sedimentary, and geochemical responses

Abstract: Ma, 87Sr/86Sr declined rapidly and reached a minimum at about 116-113 Ma. We speculate that the intensity of these latter responses suggests a corresponding peak in volcanic/tectonic activity at about 121-119 Ma.

Cited by 394 publications

References 46 publications

Lithium-isotope evidence for enhanced silicate weathering during OAE 1a (Early Aptian Selli event)

Lithium-isotope evidence for enhanced silicate weathering during OAE 1a (Early Aptian Selli event)

Vertical tectonics of the High Plateau region, Manihiki Plateau, Western Pacific, from seismic stratigraphy

The Manihiki Plateau—a key to missing hotspot tracks?

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