Onset of crater formation during short pulse laser ablation

Maul, J.; Strachnov, I.; Karpuk, S.; Bernhard, Patrick; Oelsner, A.; Schönhense, G.; Huber, G.

doi:10.1007/s00339-005-3357-3

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This explosive expel of material is due to subsurface boiling with high pressure that lead in cones formation by resolidification. The distance between these cones formed in a particular sequence depends upon the surface properties of melted region [4,[17][18]. A plot of distance between adjacent cones and corresponding zone lengths measured from ablated region is shown in Figure 2(e).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Morphological Changes in Laser Irradiated Platinum

Latif¹,

Khaleeq-ur-Rahman²,

Bhatti³

et al. 2011

JMP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The micro structural morphological investigations of the laser exposed samples of Platinum are presented. Q-Switched Nd: YAG laser (1064 nm, 1.1 MW, 9-14 ns) represented by Gaussian profile, power density 3 × 10 15 Watt/m 2 and focal spot size 12 µm is used to irradiate the targets (4 N, 1 × 1 × 0.3 cm 3). Surface modifications are observed and examined for optimized 50 pulses in air (1 atm) as well as under vacuum (~10-3 torr) by analyzing SEM micrographs. Ripples, cones, crater and hillocks formation, splashing, sputtering, solidification and redeposition are observed as main modifications at the irradiated surface. It is explored that material is ejected with explosive expel. Motic digital microscope is used for the measurements of ablated micron sized droplets. The average distance between the adjacent cones is larger near the crater region. Topographical changes are characterized applying Atomic Force Microscopy. RMS surface roughness, hillocks and crater sizes on the irradiated surfaces are also calculated. The structural analysis is mainly focused on measurements of grain sizes, diffracted X-Rays intensity and interplanar distance. The results thus obtained determine that IR radiations are unable to change interplanar distance of the target where as changes in diffracted x-rays intensity and grain sizes for irradiated platinum are noticed.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Morphological Changes in Laser Irradiated Platinum

Latif¹,

Khaleeq-ur-Rahman²,

Bhatti³

et al. 2011

JMP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Laser shock processing or peening (LSP) of metal surfaces has been studied by many workers 30–35. The lasers used for LSP are pulsed lasers and require about 80–100 J output energies with laser pulse durations in the 3–30 ns range.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of laser‐ and electric‐field‐induced effects on the crystallinity, surface morphology and plasmon resonance of indium and gold thin films

Kumar

Krishna

2010

Physica Status Solidi (a)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of post-deposition treatment of In and Au thin films by excimer laser and electric field are reported. The films were subjected to an electric field in the range of 0.1-3.3 kV/cm and laser irradiation in the range from 0.01 to 0.1 J/cm 2 . The effect of this treatment on the morphology and crystallinity of indium and gold thin films (10-100 nm thickness) is investigated. Indium films exhibited a three-fold grain growth at an electric field of 3.3 kV/cm. Gold thin film, on the other hand, showed significant grain growth at a much lower field of 0.6 kV/cm. The as-deposited thin films of indium and gold were amorphous but turned nanocrystalline with average crystallite sizes of 57 nm at 3.33 kV/cm and 35 nm at 0.66 kV/cm, respectively. When indium thin films were laser irradiated, flat disc-shaped grains for as-deposited thin films were transformed to spherical grains at a laser fluence of 0.02 J/cm 2 and cubical grains at 0.05 J/cm 2 . At 0.05 J/cm 2 , as-deposited amorphous indium and gold thin films turned nanocrystalline with crystallite sizes of 50 nm and 10 nm, respectively. Significantly, laser treatment causes the grain-size distribution to become narrower with a shift in mean size to larger values. Electric-field treatment on the other hand leads to a shifting of the mean grain size to larger values without affecting the distribution.

show abstract

“…Other important advantages are removal of any type of material without changing the chemical process, micro-fabrication of dielectric structures, suitability for substrate etching of complex geometry, etc. Heating and photo treatment by laser address some essentials such as laser beam wavelength, energy, pulse duration, whereas optical reflectivity, melting temperature, thermal diffusivity play a vital role on material's part (1,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Optical combination of these factors determines the heataffected zone and size and geometry of the crater formed (7,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heating and photo treatment by laser address some essentials such as laser beam wavelength, energy, pulse duration, whereas optical reflectivity, melting temperature, thermal diffusivity play a vital role on material's part (1,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Optical combination of these factors determines the heataffected zone and size and geometry of the crater formed (7,10). Melting and vapor formation occur due to laser heating, molten displacement takes place due to pressure gradient and finally explosive ejection of material goes off from superheated melt, which normally results in crater formation (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16) In this paper, we report evolution of the crater and the vicinity area along with surface morphological changes at laser-irradiated copper targets with increase in laser shots in ambient air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser shots impact on geometry of crater evolution at copper surface

Latif

Khaleeq-ur-Rahman

Rafique

et al. 2012

Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fine polished 4N (99.99%) pure copper samples are irradiated in ambient air using Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser (10 mJ, 9-12 ns, 1064 nm). The laser energy density and spot size at tight focus are 3 × 10 11 W/cm 2 and ∼12 μm, respectively. The laser-produced crater is analyzed considering its dimensional changes with the increase in laser shots employing optical microscopy. The width of the crater (along horizontal) increases, thereby exhibiting its exponential trend. The length along the vertical and the depth of the crater both increase exponentially. The heat-affected zone expands exponentially as well. Hydrodynamics and exfoliation are the two main dominant observed ablation mechanisms.

show abstract

Onset of crater formation during short pulse laser ablation

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Microstructural Morphological Changes in Laser Irradiated Platinum

Microstructural Morphological Changes in Laser Irradiated Platinum

A comparative study of laser‐ and electric‐field‐induced effects on the crystallinity, surface morphology and plasmon resonance of indium and gold thin films

Laser shots impact on geometry of crater evolution at copper surface

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About