Onset and Severity of Early Disruptive Behavioral Disorders in Treatment-Seeking Substance Use Disorder Patients with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract

This study addressed the age of onset of conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in treatment-seeking substance use disorder (SUD) patients with and without adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its association with early onset of SUD. Methods: We examined data from the 2nd International ADHD in Substance Use Disorders Prevalence Study, including 400 adults in SUD treatment from Puerto Rico, Hungary, and Australia. ADHD, SUD, and CD/ODD were assessed with the Conners Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV, the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and the K-SADS, respectively. Cox regression analyses modeled time to emergence of CD/ODD separately for SUD patients with and without adult ADHD. Linear regression models examined associations between age of onset of SUD and presence of ADHD and adjusted for sex, age, and country. To assess the mediating role of CD/ODD on the association of ADHD with onset of SUD, adjusted regression models were estimated. Results: Treatment-seeking SUD patients with ADHD presented an earlier onset of CD/ODD compared with those without ADHD. CD/ODD symptom loads were higher among González et al.

The International Collaboration on ADHD and Substance Abuse (ICASA): Mission, Results, and Future Activities

“…Furthermore, the IASP study was expanded to Puerto Rico and South Africa (IASP-2). Details on study design and some of the data from the IASP-2 study are presented in this special issue of European Addiction Research [21, 22]. In the CASP study, we collected data with a novel continuous performance test [23] in SUD patients with and without ADHD.…”

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Increases Nicotine Addiction Severity in Adults Seeking Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: The Role of Personality Disorders

“…Comorbidity between these disorders and SUD is not only common but is associated with increased addiction severity [14]. How they relate to nicotine addiction, also characterized by impulse control deficits, is of interest from a developmental perspective [32].…”

The relationship between smoking, alcohol, and substance abuse and psychiatric diseases among adolescents treated in a child and adolescent psychiatry inpatient unit

“…On the basis of the DSM-5-based psychiatric interview, the diagnoses of the participants were as follows: 22.8% (79) schizophrenia and other disorders with psychosis, 34.7% (120) depressive disorder, 21.4% (74) disruptive behavior disorder, 7.5% (26) trauma and related disorder, 7.8% ( 27) bipolar disorder, 6.1% (21) anxiety disorder, 7.2% ( 25) eating disorder, 6.1% (21) somatic disorder, 13.0% (45) neurodevelopmental disorder, and 5.5% (20) obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (Table II).…”

“…This situation poses a serious risk for delinquency and substance use behavior. 21 Longitudinal studies have found a strong positive relationship between the presence of externalizing behaviors in childhood and subsequent substance use in adolescence. 22 In a study that investigated the clinical characteristics of adolescents who were hospitalized in a child and adolescent substance treatment center, it was found that 80% of the cases had at least one comorbid psychiatric disorder, and of these, 46.3% were diagnosed with a conduct disorder.…”