Onoufrios, the famous XVI’s century iconographer, creator of the “Berati School”: studying the technique and materials used in wall paintings of inscribed churches

Characterization of two pairs of 16th century Nanbam folding screens by Raman, EDXRF and FTIR spectroscopies

“…Figure 4(c) shows the FTIR spectrum obtained for sample A7, where the peaks of kaolinite at 3698, 3666, 3650, and 3623 cm −1 appear. [7] Furthermore, the band at 1033 cm −1 also is in agreement with the one found in database for yellow ochre, whereas the strong band centered at 3387 cm −1 is the signature of the OH vibration of goethite. [27] The remaining bands present in the spectrum are a mixture of calcite (3397, 2512, 1795, 1506, 878, and 713 cm −1 ) gypsum (3543, 1620, 1126, and 670 cm −1 ), and shellac type resin (2935, 2870, 1736, 1243, and 1033 cm −1 ).…”

From Byzantine to post-Byzantine art: the painting technique of St Stephen's wall paintings at Meteora, Greece

“…Green earth could be detected with both mFTIR and mRaman spectroscopic techniques (Fig. 7c, d, Table 2) (Daniilia et al, 2000;Zorba et al, 2006;Pavlidou et al, 2006;Daniilia and Andrikopoulos, 2007).…”

“…The grey-blue background in St Stephen's wall paintings is executed with a familiar, traditional technique that had been used for centuries in murals of the Comnenian, Palaeologan and Cretan styles (Daniilia et al, 2000;Zorba et al, 2006;Pavlidou et al, 2006). Applied over the uppermost white plaster is a primary, dark covering -a grey layer from carbon black with a very small amount of lime -in which scattered grains of haematite, cinnabar and yellow ochre could be traced.…”

“…4, Table 2) the characteristic peaks of kaolin and calcite were recorded denoting the presence of yellow ochre (Ganitis et al, 2004;Pavlidou et al, 2006;Zorba et al, 2006). mRaman spectroscopy, on the other hand, revealed the presence of goethite (main compound of yellow ochre) ( Fig.…”

Evaluating a Cumaean Sibyl: Domenichino or later? A multi analytical approach

“…Protein (animal glue) peaks were recorded at 1719 and 1653 cm −1 (amide I) and at 1580 and 1560 cm −1 (amide II) [9]. The rest of the peaks in the FTIR spectra were due to yellow ochre (aluminosilcate bands at 1042, 916 and 803 cm −1 ) [13] and Prussian blue ( CN at 2091 cm −1 ) [14] found in the paint layers. The Raman spectra obtained from the preparation layer consisted of the CO 3 2− stretching of calcium carbonate at 1088 cm −1 (ben1, Fig.…”