Online Scheduling Protocol Design for Energy-Efficient TWDM-OLT

Dutta, Sourav; Roy, Dibbendu; Bhar, Chayan; Das, Goutam

doi:10.1364/jocn.10.000260

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The main cause of higher power consumption in PON, especially the ITU complaint PON, is the broadcast nature of the DS link, which requires an ONU to receive and process every frame. The ONU consumes around 60% of the power in the PON, thus, most of the energy conservation schemes in PON target the ONU and only a few studies have addressed the OLT energy efficiency (Dutta et al 2018;Pakpahan et al 2017). The ONU based energy schemes for PON can be categorized into three approaches; Cyclic Sleep Mode (CSM) (Butt et al 2018a;Mohammed et al 2020), Adaptive Link Rate (ALR) (Garg and Janyani 2017) and ONU processing optimization (Butt et al 2018b;Ayhan et al 2015).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep-aware wavelength and bandwidth assignment scheme for TWDM PON

et al. 2021

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The energy efficiency and delay performance of PON are two inversely related phenomena. Higher sleep time of the Optical Network Units (ONUs) results in higher upstream (US) delays due to increased traffic queues during the ONU Asleep state. Although an efficient dynamic bandwidth and wavelength assignment (DWBA) scheme can decrease US delays by minimizing the bandwidth waste and improving the fairness of bandwidth distribution among the ONUs. However, the conventional DWBA schemes are not designed to work with cyclic sleep mode (CSM) and they keep on assigning bandwidth to ONUs even if the ONU is in Asleep state leading to wastage of bandwidth and degraded CSM performance. Therefore, in this work a sleep aware DWBA scheme for TWDM PON is presented to coordinate with CSM mode. It only assign bandwidth to Active ONUs during the guaranteed phase, surplus phase and excess phase allocation phases which minimizes the bandwidth waste and the bandwidth lost at the ONU end. The wavelength switching process is also improved by only considering the Active state ONUs to balance the traffic load on all the wavelengths. The simulation results support our claim as the SA-DWBA scheme on average achieves DWBA schemes due to up to 50% to 65% higher energy savings compared to other due to longer ONU Asleep times. However, the increased upstream delays of all the traffic classes in SA-DWBA scheme remain within the set delay limit of 50 ms.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep-aware wavelength and bandwidth assignment scheme for TWDM PON

et al. 2021

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“…The authors of [16] employ an algorithm that uses void filling in combination with EFT and multi-thread polling. In [17], the authors suggest the minimization of the number of voids that form due to scheduling considering delay constraints. In [18], the authors propose the first-fit DBWA algorithm where to obtain zero resequencing delay, the earliest available wavelength channel is given to an ONU.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bin-Packing-Based Online Dynamic Bandwidth and Wavelength Allocation Algorithm in Super-PON

Garg¹,

Dixit²

2021

IEEE Access

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Super passive optical network (Super-PON) is a next-generation Ethernet PON (NG-EPON) candidate that is envisaged to provide high data rate and low latency. For NG-EPON, there are two types of algorithms that manages bandwidth and wavelength scheduling, namely offline and online. The latter method is more scalable and efficient than the former method. Several online algorithms exist that propose schemes to manage wavelength and bandwidth scheduling. However, these algorithms lack in efficient wavelength utilization and switching. In this work, we propose a novel online bin-packing based dynamic bandwidth and wavelength allocation (DBWA) algorithm for Super-PON, namely updated best fit binpacking (UBF-BP). This algorithm limits the wavelength switching per cycle, and uses the modified version of best fit bin-packing (BF-BP) technique for optimal wavelength allocation. Simulation results show that the proposed DBWA algorithm has a low complexity and overcomes the inefficiencies of wavelength utilization and switching. This results in lower network delay and higher channel utilization than the stateof-the-art DBWA. Furthermore, to verify the correctness of the proposed algorithm, we propose an analytical model and validate these simulation results with the analytical results.INDEX TERMS Bin-packing, DBWA, delay analysis, NG-EPON, online algorithm, Super-PON.

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“…Since the OLT receivers process only the Up-Stream (US) traffic, protocols for designing energy-efficient OLT receivers, consider only the US traffic. Several such protocols are already present in the literature [10]- [17]. Among them, the fundamental principle of the protocols that are proposed in [10]- [16], are the same.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DWA is performed only at some predefined time instants (DWA boundaries) and in between two DWA boundaries, scheduling of all ONUs are performed only in the active wavelengths by following online [11] or offline [12]- [16] Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) protocol. In [17], we have proved that within a very large time interval T (T → ∞), the total duration, over which the OLT transceivers can be switched off (i.e., average energy efficiency), is inversely proportional to the number of voids (M v ) (idle periods between two consecutive data transmissions) and the number of REPORT messages (for receivers) or GATE messages (for transmitters) (M R ) present in this T interval. Thus, energy efficiency at the OLT can be maximized by minimizing M v and M R .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have also logically explained that the effect of minimization of M R is negligible. Thus, by employing the principle of minimization of the number of voids, in [17], we have proposed a protocol, namely EO-NoVM, for saving energy at OLT receivers and we have demonstrated that a significant improvement in energy efficiency can be achieved as compared to the conventional methodology of minimizing the number of active wavelengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protocol design for energy efficient OLT transmitter in TWDM-PON guaranteeing SLA of up-stream and down-stream traffic

Dutta¹,

Roy²,

Das³

2019

Preprint

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Environmental and economic concerns promote research on designing energy-efficient Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexed Ethernet Passive Optical Network (TWDM-EPON), which is the future extension to TDM-EPON. In TDM-EPON, a plethora of research is already present to achieve energy savings at Optical Network Units (ONUs) which can easily be applied for TWDM-EPON ONUs. However, TWDM-EPON provides an additional opportunity for saving energy at the Optical Line Terminal (OLT). All existing protocols have primarily been designed for saving energy at the OLT receivers. The protocols to save energy at the OLT receives depends only on the Up-Stream(US) traffic scheduling while its transmitter counterpart depends on both US and Down-Stream (DS) scheduling since the OLT transmits GATE message along with DS traffic. The US and DS scheduling have a basic difference. The MAC protocol doesn't allow scheduling of US traffic of an ONU after its REPORT arrival at multiple disjoint time slots. However, this restriction is absent for DS traffic and hence, the grant-size of an ONU can be partitioned and every part can be scheduled at different times. In this paper, we propose a method for saving energy at the OLT transmitters in TWDM-EPON while satisfying the SLAs. This includes a heuristic algorithm to partition the DS grant and schedule them. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed method provides a significant improvement in energy efficiency as compared to existing protocols (up to ∼ 45%).

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Online Scheduling Protocol Design for Energy-Efficient TWDM-OLT

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Sleep-aware wavelength and bandwidth assignment scheme for TWDM PON

Sleep-aware wavelength and bandwidth assignment scheme for TWDM PON

Bin-Packing-Based Online Dynamic Bandwidth and Wavelength Allocation Algorithm in Super-PON

Protocol design for energy efficient OLT transmitter in TWDM-PON guaranteeing SLA of up-stream and down-stream traffic

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