Online Routing and Charging Schedule of Electric Vehicles With Uninterrupted Charging Rates

Abstract

With the development of electric vehicle technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, IoT-Based electric vehicles (IoEVs) will become a main public transposition in smart city. The increasing penetration of IoEV will have a great impact on the transportation network and power grid. In this work, we aim to study the routing and charging scheduling problem of IoEVs with the constraint of power limit. This paper proposes a clustered rolling framework and a mathematical model for the IoEVs optimal routing and charging problem to minimize the waiting time of customers and get a good converge ratio of the energy block with power limit. This framework can effectively deal with the multi-step pickup and delivery of each vehicle over the time horizon in a dynamic environment. We give a criterion to judge whether pickup and delivery tasks can be assigned to the IoEV. Then, we design a new rectangle packing method for IoEV charging dispatch with the constraint of power limit. Moreover, we consider that the charging process of IoEVs cannot be interrupted before IoEVs meet the electricity demand. We propose the IoEV Routing and Charging Algorithm and analyze its computational complexity. Simulation results show that IoEVs can offer the shuttle service to customers with the minimum waiting time and IoEV charging energy block has a good coverage ratio of the total energy block. Simulation results can verify the effectiveness of our proposed framework, compared with two benchmark algorithms.INDEX TERMS IoT-Based electric vehicle, clustered rolling framework, pickup and delivery, routing and charging, rectangle packing algorithm.