Online Rainfall Atlas of Hawai‘i

Giambelluca, Thomas W.; Chen, Qi; Frazier, Abby G.; Price, Jonathan P.; Chen, Yi-Leng; Chu, Pao‐Shin; Eischeid, Jon; Delparte, Donna

doi:10.1175/bams-d-11-00228.1

Cited by 585 publications

(631 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In short, the resultant field system boundaries were more inclusive than those created by Ladefoged et al (2009). We also note that the recently published rainfall data (Giambelluca et al 2013) have lower values and slightly different contours than the rainfall dataset (Giambelluca et al 1986) used by Ladefoged et al (2009), which is no longer publicly available. Climatic data were summarized and compared as maps, kernel density plots, and time plots (boxplots).…”

Section: Climate Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Our own analysis was enabled by a comparative approach, the availability of gridded climate data (Giambelluca et al 2013(Giambelluca et al , 2014, novel metrics for summarizing tropical climatic seasonality (Feng et al 2013), and applying the lens of ʻuala, a short-cycle tropical root crop and known staple in these systems. Looking beyond rainfall to consider evapotranspiration, aridity, and agricultural production on intraannual scales revealed patterns that were otherwise difficult to tease apart.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address our objectives, we analyzed gridded climate data for Hawaiʻi (Giambelluca et al 2013(Giambelluca et al , 2014, focusing on regions defined by Ladefoged et al (2009) as belonging to the Kohala, Kona, and Kaʻū field systems. We compared climate means and seasonality indices across the three field systems as aggregated values and as maps to visualize spatial patterning.…”

Section: General Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We analyzed climate of the Kohala, Kona, and Kaʻū dryland field systems using mean annual and mean monthly gridded data from the Rainfall and Evapotranspiration Atlases of Hawaiʻi (Giambelluca et al 2013(Giambelluca et al , 2014. To facilitate climate data extraction, we created a single contiguous polygon for each of the field systems based on the model of Ladefoged et al (2009).…”

Section: Climate Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial patterns of seasonal crop production suggest coordination within and across dryland agricultural systems of Hawaiʻi Island

Kagawa‐Viviani¹,

Lincoln²,

Quintus³

et al. 2018

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Hawaiian dryland agriculture is believed to have played an important role in the rise of archaic states and consolidation of political power. At the same time, the sensitivity of agricultural production in dryland field systems to temporal variability in climate would have had implications for economic and political relationships, both competitive and cooperative. In this study, we explore whether and how annual cycles of climate might have constrained seasonal cultivation and crop production in three rain-fed field systems on the Island of Hawaiʻi. We utilized a recently developed monthly gridded climate dataset for the Hawaiian Islands to compare the Kohala, Kona, and Kaʻū field systems in terms of mean annual climate and seasonality. We found that despite superficial similarities in elevation and annual rainfall, the field systems differ in climatic variables associated with evaporative water loss and in the timing of the rainy season. Aridity, a ratio of evaporative demand to rainfall, is strongly seasonal for Kohala and Kaʻū relative to Kona. When we imposed temperature and moisture criteria to visualize seasonal cultivation envelopes defined for sweet potato (Ipomea batatas), we found strong spatial patterns associated with the onset and length of the growing season, and these suggest seasonal complementarity in crop production within and between field systems. This complementarity indicates coordination both within and between field systems through consolidation, coercion, or increased cooperation could have alleviated periodic food stress and contributed to more stable political hierarchies, which may explain similarities in their respective chronologies of development. We suggest that our approach for characterizing seasonal constraints to dryland cultivation provides a useful tool for advancing continued restoration and research in these and other rain-fed dryland systems across Hawaiʻi and the tropics.

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Section: Climate Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Climate Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Spatial patterns of seasonal crop production suggest coordination within and across dryland agricultural systems of Hawaiʻi Island

Kagawa‐Viviani¹,

Lincoln²,

Quintus³

et al. 2018

E&S

Self Cite

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“…Together, the transects span elevations from 13 to 569 m, annual rainfall from 626 to 1829 mm, and distances from the coast of 0.1 to 7.0 km. Estimates of annual rainfall come from Giambelluca et al (2013). To expand the range covered by these transects, we analyzed two samples of soil (12-20 and 38-43 cm) from another site on the Pololu volcanics at 1800 m elevation, 3500 mm annual rainfall, and at 11.6 km from the coast (Marin-Spiotta et al, 2011).…”

Section: Soil and Vegetation Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steep spatial gradients of volcanic and marine sulfur in Hawaiian rainfall and ecosystems

Bern

Chadwick

Kendall

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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• Sources of sulfur in Hawaiian ecosystems were investigated via sulfur isotopes.• Basalt, sea-salt, volcanic and marine biogenic emissions have distinct isotope ratios.• Atmospheric deposition sources of sulfur dominated all but one site investigated.• Steep gradients of marine vs. volcanic atmospheric deposition were found.• Gradients occurred with distance to the coast and elevation. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Sulfur, a nutrient required by terrestrial ecosystems, is likely to be regulated by atmospheric processes in welldrained, upland settings because of its low concentration in most bedrock and generally poor retention by inorganic reactions within soils. Environmental controls on sulfur sources in unpolluted ecosystems have seldom been investigated in detail, even though the possibility of sulfur limiting primary production is much greater where atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic sulfur is low. Here we measure sulfur isotopic compositions of soils, vegetation and bulk atmospheric deposition from the Hawaiian Islands for the purpose of tracing sources of ecosystem sulfur. Hawaiian lava has a mantle-derived sulfur isotopic composition (δ 34 S VCDT) of − 0.8‰. Bulk deposition on the island of Maui had a δ 34 S VCDT that varied temporally, spanned a range from +8.2 to + 19.7‰, and reflected isotopic mixing from three sources: sea-salt (+ 21.1‰), marine biogenic emissions (+ 15.6‰), and volcanic emissions from active vents on Kilauea Volcano (+ 0.8‰). A straightforward, weathering-driven transition in ecosystem sulfur sources could be interpreted in the shift from relatively low (0.0 to +2.7‰) to relatively high (+17.8 to +19.3‰) soil δ 34 S values along a 0.3 to 4100 ka soil age-gradient, and similar patterns in associated vegetation. However, sub-kilometer scale spatial variation in soil sulfur isotopic composition was found along soil transects assumed by age and mass balance to be dominated by atmospheric sulfur inputs. Soil sulfur isotopic compositions ranged from +8.1 to +20.3‰ and generally decreased with increasing elevation (0-2000 m), distance from the coast (0-12 km), and annual rainfall (180-5000 mm). Such trends reflect the spatial variation in marine versus volcanic inputs from atmospheric deposition. Broadly, these results illustrate how the sources and magnitude of atmospheric deposition can exert controls over ecosystem sulfur biogeochemistry across relatively small spatial scales.Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Modeling the influence of rainfall gradients on discharge, bedrock erodibility, and river profile evolution, with application to the Big Island, Hawai'i

Han

Gasparini

Johnson

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf.

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Motivated by convex-concave bedrock river profiles developed across a climate gradient on the wetside of the Kohala Peninsula of the Big Island of Hawai'i, we numerically model how rainfall gradients may influence longitudinal fluvial incision patterns. First, we model transient profile adjustment with two tectonic boundary conditions: subsidence and uplift. In this generalized analysis, we assume that rainfall gradients only influence incision by modifying the relation between upstream drainage area and local discharge. Using a detachment-limited model, downstream increases in rainfall lead to profile convexities during transient adjustment in both tectonic settings, and this is the opposite of the predicted increase in profile concavity that would develop in a steady state uplifting profile. A transport-limited erosion model develops only concave channel profiles without clear signatures of the rainfall pattern. Second, we model the development of convex-concave transient profiles and incision patterns on Kohala using a detachment-limited model. If rainfall gradients only influence incision through the local discharge, reasonable rainfall gradients can only develop channel convexities that are much smaller than those observed. Instead, we hypothesize that local bedrock erodibility increases with the degree of rainfall-dependent chemical weathering. When local erodibility is assumed to scale with local rainfall rate, the model can produce convex-concave profiles similar to those observed in Kohala. Our results suggest that changes in local bedrock erodibility due to local climate-dependent weathering may be an important mechanism by which climate influences landscape form and rates of evolution. This hypothesis requires further testing in this study area and beyond.

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Online Rainfall Atlas of Hawai‘i

Cited by 585 publications

References 9 publications

Spatial patterns of seasonal crop production suggest coordination within and across dryland agricultural systems of Hawaiʻi Island

Spatial patterns of seasonal crop production suggest coordination within and across dryland agricultural systems of Hawaiʻi Island

Steep spatial gradients of volcanic and marine sulfur in Hawaiian rainfall and ecosystems

Modeling the influence of rainfall gradients on discharge, bedrock erodibility, and river profile evolution, with application to the Big Island, Hawai'i

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Online Rainfall Atlas of Hawai‘i

Cited by 585 publications

References 9 publications

Spatial patterns of seasonal crop production suggest coordination within and across dryland agricultural systems of Hawai&#699;i Island

Spatial patterns of seasonal crop production suggest coordination within and across dryland agricultural systems of Hawai&#699;i Island

Steep spatial gradients of volcanic and marine sulfur in Hawaiian rainfall and ecosystems

Modeling the influence of rainfall gradients on discharge, bedrock erodibility, and river profile evolution, with application to the Big Island, Hawai'i

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Product

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Spatial patterns of seasonal crop production suggest coordination within and across dryland agricultural systems of Hawaiʻi Island

Spatial patterns of seasonal crop production suggest coordination within and across dryland agricultural systems of Hawaiʻi Island