Online Poker Tilt Scale (OPTS): creation and validation of a tilt assessment in a French population

Moreau, Axelle; Delieuvin, Jennifer; Chabrol, Henri; Chauchard, Emeline

doi:10.1080/14459795.2017.1321680

Cited by 9 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Despite relatively little published research on online poker tilt, this phenomenon needs to be studied more accurately. Whilst a few studies have addressed this issue, none have used a validated tool [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 14 , 15 , 19 ]. Investigating the role of tilt episodes, and more generally episodes of loss of control of playing behavior, whether they are from problem or controlled gamblers, could help to understand the characteristics of this population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This scale allows for the measurement of the relative frequency of tilt occurrence in online poker. It was developed using semi-directive interviews, and then validated within the French population [ 15 ]. Using 17 items, it assesses ten aspects identified as the characteristics of tilt: dissociation, loss of control, attempt to self-control, frustration, alteration of focus, irritability and anger, feeling of sadness, risk taking, desire to gain, and acting out aggressively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this vein, tilt may be considered as a transitory form of pathological gambling, and a gateway for the development of a more durable problem [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 14 ]. Tilt in online poker shares all characteristics of tilt in traditional poker, except for some external manifestations of tilt related to the material or physical environment around the player [ 7 , 8 , 15 , 16 ]. Here is an example of an online poker tilt characteristic not shared with traditional poker, since it requires the use of a computer: “I click faster and hit the keyboard harder”.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When poker players were compared to gamblers not playing poker, poker players reported a higher desire “to win their money back” (i.e., play again to recover their losses) and/or a greater feeling of guilt during the game [ 27 ]. These two elements, often mentioned by online problem poker players, are also reported by poker players when they describe the consequences of a tilt episode [ 8 , 15 , 16 ]. Problem gambling behavior in poker is linked to a lack of emotional and cognitive inhibition [ 3 , 7 , 28 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tilt in Online Poker: Loss of Control and Gambling Disorder

Moreau

Chauchard

Sévigny³

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Online poker is a form of gambling where an element of skill may influence the outcome of the game. ‘Tilt’ in poker describes an episode during which the player can no longer control their game by rational decisions. It leads to a loss of control over the game, a loss of emotional regulation, higher cognitive distortion, and a loss of money. This phenomenon, experienced by most players, could be the gateway to excessive gambling. The aim of this study was to assess the links between the frequency of tilt episodes, cognitive distortion, anxiety, depression, sensation seeking and excessive online poker gambling. Our sample is composed of 291 online poker players, with a mean age of 33.8 years (SD = 10.6). Participants completed an online self-assessment questionnaire, measuring the frequency of tilt episodes, cognitive distortion, anxiety, depression and impulsivity. The findings indicated that the frequency of tilt episodes and cognitive distortion were the only significant predictors of excessive online gambling (respectively, r = 0.49 and r = 0.20). Tilt frequency and cognitive distortion were strongly correlated (GRCS, r = 0.60), moderate to low correlations were found for tilt and anxiety (HADS, r = 0.40), and positive and negative urgency (UPPS, r = 0.27). To date, tilt has seldom been studied, and could improve our understanding of online poker gamblers. It could be a new means of identifying at risk gamblers, and thus facilitating preventive measures specifically adapted to this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tilt in Online Poker: Loss of Control and Gambling Disorder

Moreau

Chauchard

Sévigny³

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, these findings stem from laboratory experiments, limiting their ecological validity. This experimental design limits the observation as to what can cause emotions and decision-making to vary leading to a loss of control over gambling behavior or the onset of tilt episodes [e.g., ( 26 , 27 )]. In poker, tilt refers to a transient loss of control of gambling behaviors associated with emotional, cognitive, and behavioral manifestations ( 28 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep or Play Online Poker?: Gambling Behaviors and Tilt Symptoms While Sleep Deprived

et al. 2021

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Online poker has the convenience of being accessible 24/7 allowing a large proportion of players to gamble at night. Although some studies postulate a bi-directional relationship between excessive online poker playing and sleep disturbances, sleep has yet to be studied as a primary outcome variable in online poker studies. Sleep deprivation has been linked to alterations in emotional regulation, decision-making, and risk-taking behaviors. All of which are known to induce episodes of tilt. Conversely, online poker playing during regular sleep hours may interfere with sleep quality. The objectives of the present study are (a) to explore the effects of sleep deprivation on tilt symptoms and gambling behaviors and (b) to assess whether playing an online poker session shortly before bedtime (120 min) influences the player's sleep quality. Sleeping habits, tilt symptoms, and online poker behaviors of 23 regular online poker players (22 men, 1 woman) were monitored daily for 28 days using questionnaires and hand histories. Tilt and gambling behaviors during online poker sessions (n = 588) played while the player was sleep-deprived were compared to sessions played while not sleep-deprived. Different sleep variables were also compared for sessions (n = 897) played 2 h before bedtime to no sessions played before sleep. Sleep-deprived poker sessions revealed higher emotional and behavioral tilt, a higher number of hands played and unfavorable financial results than at-rest sessions. Also, emotional and behavioral tilt was higher when alcohol was consumed. Sessions played 2 h before bedtime revealed a shorter sleep onset latency than when no sessions were played before bedtime. Post-hoc mixed regression analyses revealed that emotional and behavioral tilt is associated with shorter total sleep time and shorter sleep onset latency, while cognitive tilt is associated with a decrease in sleep efficiency. This study is the first to specifically explore sleep variables with online poker players within an ecological study design. The findings shed light on the daily impacts of nighttime online gambling practices. Future studies are needed to further explore the interaction between subjective and objective sleep variables and online gambling habits as well as investigate players' motives for playing while sleep deprived.

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Toxic Behavior and Tilt as Predictors of Mental Toughness in League of Legends Players of Argentina

González Caino,

Resett

2023

Communications in Computer and Information Science

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Online Poker Tilt Scale (OPTS): creation and validation of a tilt assessment in a French population

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Tilt in Online Poker: Loss of Control and Gambling Disorder

Tilt in Online Poker: Loss of Control and Gambling Disorder

Sleep or Play Online Poker?: Gambling Behaviors and Tilt Symptoms While Sleep Deprived

Toxic Behavior and Tilt as Predictors of Mental Toughness in League of Legends Players of Argentina

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