Onion Breeding

Havey, Michael J.

doi:10.1002/9781119521358.ch2

Cited by 22 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 237 publications

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“…The use of a PCR-based DNA profiling method, such as RAPD [ 18 ], ISSR [ 19 ], or AFLP [ 20 ], is ideal for molecular genetics and population studies for both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. A number of limitations associated with the specificity of each of these methods are associated with technical problems, such as sensitivity to DNA quality, PCR conditions, or high cost [ 68 ]. When developing SSR markers, NGS analysis is required for genetically remote genotypes for each species under study [ 69 , 70 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primer Binding Site (PBS) Profiling of Genetic Diversity of Natural Populations of Endemic Species Allium ledebourianum Schult.

Хапилина

Turzhanova

Danilova³

et al. 2021

BioTech

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Endemic species are especially vulnerable to biodiversity loss caused by isolation or habitat specificity, small population size, and anthropogenic factors. Endemic species biodiversity analysis has a critically important global value for the development of conservation strategies. The rare onion Allium ledebourianum is a narrow-lined endemic species, with natural populations located in the extreme climatic conditions of the Kazakh Altai. A. ledebourianum populations are decreasing everywhere due to anthropogenic impact, and therefore, this species requires preservation and protection. Conservation of this rare species is associated with monitoring studies to investigate the genetic diversity of natural populations. Fundamental components of eukaryote genome include multiple classes of interspersed repeats. Various PCR-based DNA fingerprinting methods are used to detect chromosomal changes related to recombination processes of these interspersed elements. These methods are based on interspersed repeat sequences and are an effective approach for assessing the biological diversity of plants and their variability. We applied DNA profiling approaches based on conservative sequences of interspersed repeats to assess the genetic diversity of natural A. ledebourianum populations located in the territory of Kazakhstan Altai. The analysis of natural A. ledebourianum populations, carried out using the DNA profiling approach, allowed the effective differentiation of the populations and assessment of their genetic diversity. We used conservative sequences of tRNA primer binding sites (PBS) of the long-terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons as PCR primers. Amplification using the three most effective PBS primers generated 628 PCR amplicons, with an average of 209 amplicons. The average polymorphism level varied from 34% to 40% for all studied samples. Resolution analysis of the PBS primers showed all of them to have high or medium polymorphism levels, which varied from 0.763 to 0.965. Results of the molecular analysis of variance showed that the general biodiversity of A. ledebourianum populations is due to interpopulation (67%) and intrapopulation (33%) differences. The revealed genetic diversity was higher in the most distant population of A. ledebourianum LD64, located on the Sarymsakty ridge of Southern Altai. This is the first genetic diversity study of the endemic species A. ledebourianum using DNA profiling approaches. This work allowed us to collect new genetic data on the structure of A. ledebourianum populations in the Altai for subsequent development of preservation strategies to enhance the reproduction of this relict species. The results will be useful for the conservation and exploitation of this species, serving as the basis for further studies of its evolution and ecology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primer Binding Site (PBS) Profiling of Genetic Diversity of Natural Populations of Endemic Species Allium ledebourianum Schult.

Хапилина

Turzhanova

Danilova³

et al. 2021

BioTech

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“…The heritability of the trait of interest must be known to develop efficient breeding strategies (Cramer 2006). In the specific case of a biennial crop like onion, superior inbred lines are more likely to be selected from populations improved by recurrent selection (Havey 2019). Since 1988 the Onion Breeding National Program held at the INTA Experimental Station in La Consulta, Mendoza, Argentina, has been using this scheme.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disease poses serious threat to production along the crop cycle -from the plantlet stage through bulb storage. The preferred control method is genetic by means of resistant cultivars (Havey 2019). Hence, onion breeders are often seeking the most appropriate genotype screening technique (Saxena and Cramer 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding onion for resistance to Fusarium basal rot: comparison of field selection and artificial inoculation

Caligiore-Gei

Ciotti

Valdez

et al. 2020

Trop. plant pathol.

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Fusarium basal rot (FBR) is one of the main onion diseases in Argentina. The Onion Breeding National Program, held at INTA Experimental Station in La Consulta, Argentina, has developed onion breeding lines with increased resistance to FBR through a selection scheme performed under field conditions. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the achieved response to selection in the FBR resistance trait, comparing two strategies: selection under field environment and artificial inoculations performed in controlled conditions. Seeds of the breeding line 17-1289 (P 0) were inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (isolate FOC LJC10081), one seed per cap. After 15 days 162 surviving plants were treated with fungicide and transplanted. The resulting bulbs were planted and recombined avoiding contamination with foreign pollinators. The obtained seeds were labelled as PCC (Progeny generated under Controlled Conditions). Another portion of P 0 seeds was grown under field conditions in a FBR-conductive soil. The best bulbs were selected at harvest based on their FBR resistance score, root system quality and agronomic features. These bulbs later produced seeds by recombination in isolation and were labelled as PFC (Progeny generated under Field Conditions). The P 0 population and the PCC-PFC progenies were then compared through a standardized test for determination of FBR resistance, using two inoculum concentrations in the substrate. The incidence of FBR was significantly reduced in PCC at high inoculum concentrations, in comparison to the original population P 0. Disease progression was delayed and lower rates were achieved in PCC. The described lab selection technique may constitute an interesting and useful tool to select materials that carry genetic resistance and contribute to an integrative approach, complemented with selection under field conditions, in onion breeding programs for FBR resistance.

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“…Therefore, it is important to breed and produce higherquality onions to improve their competitive advantage in the market. Onion breeding is performed for various purposes, such as to improve the onion yield; for qualities like size, taste, or color; for male sterility; and for a resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Molecular Markers Associated with Resistance to Gray Mold Disease in Onion (Allium cepa L.) through RAPD-PCR and Transcriptome Analysis

Kim

Park

Park³

et al. 2021

Horticulturae

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Onions (Allium cepa L.) are one of the most consumed vegetable crops worldwide and are damaged by several fungal diseases in the field or during storage. Gray mold disease caused by the necrotrophic pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Botrytis squamosa is a disease that reduces the productivity and storage life in onions. However, it is difficult to control gray mold disease in onions by using physical and chemical methods. Breeding resistant onions against gray mold disease can reduce the damage caused by pathogens, reduce the labor required for control, and reduce environmental pollution caused by fungicides. However, onions have a large genome size (16Gb), making them difficult to analyze, and have a biennial cycle, resulting in a very long breeding period. Therefore, in this study, markers were developed to shorten the onion breeding period. First, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was performed to confirm the genetic relationship between the gray mold disease-resistant and -susceptible lines through a dendrogram. In addition, the sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR)-OPAN1 marker to select resistant lines was developed using a polymorphic RAPD fragment. Second, the RNA-seq of the gray mold-resistant and -susceptible onion lines were analyzed using NGS technology. Using the RNA-seq results and DEG and GO analyses were performed, and the variants, such as SNPs and indels, were analyzed to develop a selectable marker for the resistant line. This study developed the SNP-3 HRM marker for selecting gray mold disease-resistant lines by using the SNPs present in the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) gene with high expression levels in these lines. The SCAR-OPAN1 and SNP-3 HRM markers developed in this study could be used to select gray mold disease-resistant onions in breeding programs to reduce the damage caused by gray mold disease.

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Onion Breeding

Cited by 22 publications

References 237 publications

Primer Binding Site (PBS) Profiling of Genetic Diversity of Natural Populations of Endemic Species Allium ledebourianum Schult.

Primer Binding Site (PBS) Profiling of Genetic Diversity of Natural Populations of Endemic Species Allium ledebourianum Schult.

Breeding onion for resistance to Fusarium basal rot: comparison of field selection and artificial inoculation

Development of Molecular Markers Associated with Resistance to Gray Mold Disease in Onion (Allium cepa L.) through RAPD-PCR and Transcriptome Analysis

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