Ongoing outbreak of mumps affecting adolescents and young adults in Bavaria, Germany, August to October 2010

Otto, Walter; Mankertz, Annette; Santibanez, Sabine; Saygılı, H.; Wenzel, Jürgen J.; Jilg, Wolfgang; Borgmann, Stefan

doi:10.2807/ese.15.50.19748-en

Cited by 32 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Assays for BK virus (BKV), parvovirus B 19 (PB19) were from Altona diagnostics (Altona Diagnostics), herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV 1/2), varicella zoster virus (VZV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) were commercial assays from a different supplier (Medac Diagnostika). All samples for virus analyses were prepared with ROCHE MagNA Pure 96 (Roche Diagnostics GmbH), while mumps PCR was performed as in‐house test as described previously 34 . For molecular typing of the enterovirus strains identified with screening PCR, the VP1 region was amplified using enterovirus species‐specific reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assays 35 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All samples for virus analyses were prepared with ROCHE MagNA Pure 96 (Roche Diagnostics GmbH), while mumps PCR was performed as in-house test as described previously. 34 For molecular typing of the enterovirus strains identified with screening PCR, the VP1 region was amplified using enterovirus species-specific reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays. 35 Sanger sequencing was conducted with primers used for amplification and resulting partial VP1 sequences were aligned to reference sequences available in Genbank ® using BLAST algorithm.…”

Section: Bacteriological Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute orchitis deciphered: Coxsackievirus B strains are the main etiology and their presence in semen is associated with acute inflammation and risk of persistent oligozoospermia

Pilatz

Arneth

Kaiser

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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Although various viruses are considered to be the clinical cause for acute orchitis, it is completely unclear to what extent and which viruses are etiologically involved in acute orchitis and what the clinic and course of these patients are like. Therefore, a prospective study was set up to decipher acute isolated orchitis. Between July 2007 and February 2023, a total of 26 patients with isolated orchitis were recruited and compared with 530 patients with acute epididymitis. We were able to show for isolated orchitis, that (1) orchitis is usually of viral origin (20/26, 77%) and enteroviruses with coxsackievirus B strains (16/26, 62%) are predominant, (2) virus isolates could be received from semen indicating the presence of replication-competent virus particles, (3) a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for enteroviruses should be conducted using semen provided at the onset of disease, because the virus is not detectable in serum/urine, (4) there is a circannual occurrence with the maximum in summer, (5) orchitis is associated with a characteristic inflammatory cytokine panel in the semen and systemic inflammation, (6) orchitis is usually rapidly self-limiting, and (7) about 30% of patients (6/20) suffer ongoing oligozoospermia. These seven emerging aspects are likely to fundamentally change thinking and clinical practice regarding acute isolated orchitis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bacteriological Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute orchitis deciphered: Coxsackievirus B strains are the main etiology and their presence in semen is associated with acute inflammation and risk of persistent oligozoospermia

Pilatz

Arneth

Kaiser

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…This damage may lead to hypogonadism [42] and decrease the number of Leydig cells [43]. In similar, male infertility might initiate by several viruses such as human papillomavirus (HPV) [44], herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) [45], human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) [46], hepatitis B virus (HBV) [47], hepatitis C virus (HCV) [48], Mumps orthorubulavirus virus (MuV) [49], and Bluetongue virus (BTV) (an arbovirus of ruminants) [50].…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of How the Sars-cov-2 Can Infect The Testesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between SARS-CoV-2 and Testicular Hemostasis: Perspective View

Ahmed¹

2022

Biotechnology to Combat COVID-19

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The infection of SARS-CoV-2 and its COVID disease caused several economic and social disturbances worldwide. This chapter aimed to determine the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the testicular hemostasis. This overview showed the possible mechanisms of how the SARS-CoV-2 can infect the testes. SARS-CoV-2-induced pneumonia, cytokine storm, and immunosuppressive state may transfer from the respiratory tract to the blood circulation, binding to testicular angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors (ACSE2) and initiate its intracellular replication and action (cytotoxicity), that disrupting the testicular hemostasis. In severe states, COVID-19 disease can increase body/testes temperature, which may destroy the germ cell in the long term. The final mechanism is that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes stress, panic, and anxiety states, causing brain disorders that may perturb the hypothalamic–pituitary-testes-axis (HPTA). This disturbance may then lead to testicular dysfunction. The severity of COVID-19 may be age-dependent and depending on the expression and distribution of testicular ACSE2 receptors. Also, this chapter not only showed the sexual transmission of SARS-CoV-2 but also followed its impact on sexual behavior, pregnancy, and progeny. Thus, maintaining the testicular hemostasis may play a vital role in a healthy life for the offspring. Further research and clinical studies are required to explore this issue.

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Genomic diversity of mumps virus and global distribution of the 12 genotypes

et al. 2014

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The WHO recently proposed an updated nomenclature for mumps virus (MuV). WHO currently recognizes 12 genotypes of MuV, assigned letters from A to N (excluding E and M), which are based on the nucleotide sequences of small hydrophobic (SH) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) genes. A total of 66 MuV genomes are available in GenBank, representing eight of the 12 genotypes. To complete this dataset, whole genomes of seven isolates representing six genotypes (D, H, I, J, K and L) and one unclassified strain were sequenced. SH and HN genes of other representative strains were also sequenced. The degree of genetic divergence, predicted amino acid substitutions in the HN and fusion (F) proteins and geographic distributions of MuV strains were analysed based on the updated dataset. Nucleotide heterogeneity between genotypes reached 20% within the SH gene, with a maximum of 9% within the HN gene. The geographic and chronologic distributions of the 12 genotypes were summarised. This review contributes to our understanding of strain diversity for wild type MuV, and the results support the current WHO nomenclature.

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Ongoing outbreak of mumps affecting adolescents and young adults in Bavaria, Germany, August to October 2010

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

Acute orchitis deciphered: Coxsackievirus B strains are the main etiology and their presence in semen is associated with acute inflammation and risk of persistent oligozoospermia

Acute orchitis deciphered: Coxsackievirus B strains are the main etiology and their presence in semen is associated with acute inflammation and risk of persistent oligozoospermia

Crosstalk between SARS-CoV-2 and Testicular Hemostasis: Perspective View

Genomic diversity of mumps virus and global distribution of the 12 genotypes

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