Ongoing ecological shifts in a large lake are driven by climate change and eutrophication: evidences from a three-decade study in Lake Garda

Salmaso, Nico; Adriano, Bruno; Capelli, Camilla; Cerasino, Leonardo

doi:10.1007/s10750-017-3402-1

Cited by 44 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…These findings were consistent with the previously reported observation that lakes and reservoirs keep comparatively more P in their water columns if their relative depth is larger 37 . The results of our study align with those published in an earlier case report 53 . Here, we provided a detailed biogeochemical mechanism explaining the observed decreases in phytoplankton biomass in many deep lakes worldwide 8,66 .…”

Section: Global Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Recurring deep convection that does not extend to the bottom is an extreme result from the general tendency towards increasing water-column stability. This phenomenon has been reported for alpine lakes 35,50,51 , small temperate lakes 52 , and deep lakes in Africa 4 , North America 32 , and Europe 53,54 . Boehrer et al 22 showed that incomplete lake overturn can occur in warm-temperate climates and regions where surface waters cool to < 4 °C.…”

Section: Yearsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…However, nutrient accumulation in the deep waters bears the potential to trigger episodes of high productivity when meromixis suddenly retreats, allowing surface waters to mix deeper (yellow arrow), as for example during an exceptionally cold winter. www.nature.com/scientificreports/ nutrient cycling in the deep lakes of all climate zones, including (but not limited to) prolonged episodes of "climate warming-induced oligotrophication" 53 (Fig. 7).…”

Section: Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas a sudden transformation to holomixis may have only minor short-term effects, re-oligotrophication caused by warming has a severe, long-term impact on a lake ecosystem. A reduction in internal P recycling modulates algal community composition and promotes the proliferation of cyanobacteria benefiting from deep light penetration 29,30,53 . In less productive systems with elevated cyanobacterial densities, the quantity and quantity of food available to fish both decline 56 .…”

Section: Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intermittent meromixis controls the trophic state of warming deep lakes

Lau

Valerio

Pilotti

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Vertical mixing modulates nutrient dynamics in lakes. However, surface warming reduces the range of vertical mixing and the probability of full circulation events. Important consequences of reduced vertical mixing include the sequestration of phosphorus (P) within a stagnant zone and the promotion of oligotrophication. Nevertheless, warming-induced shifts from full to partial mixing (meromixis) are not permanent and are partially reversible during exceptionally cold or windy winters. In this study, we investigated how intermittent meromixis affects lake P budgets. We examined the P cycle of a perialpine lake with variable mixing depths by pairing sedimentation and release flux measurements with sedimentary archives. We found that the amount of dissolved P surpassed that of the potentially mobile P in the sediments by a 13:1 ratio. At least 55% of the settled P was rapidly released to bottom waters isolated from flushing, illustrating the general biogeochemical mechanism that promotes deep-water P storage when lakes undergo warming. This storage process is abruptly inverted when meromixis suddenly retreats, deeper mixing introduces P pulses to the surface waters, thereby promoting phytoplankton proliferation. Our estimates showed that lakes containing up to 40% of the global freshwater volume could shift towards intermittent meromixis if the atmospheric warming trend continues. Thus, these lakes might accumulate 0-83% of their P load in irregularly circulating waters and are prone to large p pulses.

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Section: Global Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Yearsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Intermittent meromixis controls the trophic state of warming deep lakes

Lau

Valerio

Pilotti

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Results of the phytoplankton biomass variabilitySimilar observations were made byMessyasz, Jurgońska [2003] andSalmaso et al [2017].…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

The Variability of the Planktonic Algae Biomass and Their Species Structure in the Ponds of the Park and Palace Complex in Żywiec

Jachniak¹,

Młyniuk²

2019

J. Ecol. Eng.

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The aim of this research was the analysis of the species composition and planktonic algae biomass in the ponds of Habsburg Park in Żywiec. So far, the urban park ponds have been rarely studied (especially in Poland) in this respect. The analyses of the park ponds water in Żywiec were conducted during the vegetation season in 2016, in monthly intervals. The phytoplankton biomass was calculated by comparing the shape of algae to geometrical figures and based on the chlorophyll a concentrations. The chlorophyll a concentrations and values of the planktonic algae biomass remained at a low level. The species composition showed the dominance of diatoms (i.a. Achnanthes lanceolate (Brébisson ex Kützing) Grun. in Cl. & Grun., Encyonema sp. (Kützing) Krammer). The highest values of the planktonic algae biomass were observed in the summer season. The ponds in the Habsburgs Park in Żywiec have great aesthetic and recreational values and therefore more frequent monitoring is necessary.

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Monitoring phosphorus in the tributaries of a deep lake from the perspective of the receiving water body

Valerio

Pilotti

Scibona

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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Deep lakes under climate change are experiencing reduced deep mixing, with a consequent increase in nutrients concentration and oxygen deficit in the hypolimnion.From this perspective, greater efforts should be made to reduce the phosphorus load delivered to these lakes by their tributaries. An essential precondition for this action is a reliable estimate of the loads, which is challenging due to the marked temporal variability of the hydrologically-driven diffuse sources. In this article, we used a highresolution phosphorus time series measured at the mouth of the main tributary of Lake Iseo and a machine learning algorithm to show the dominant role played by the acute, storm-dependent transport. The results emphasize the need to control loads strictly linked to precipitation and runoff in the drained watershed, representing 31% of the observed events but responsible for 64% of the overall load to the lake. We also proved evidence that the current obligations on nutrients monitoring miss the total phosphorus dynamics, leading to a systematic underestimation of the load conveyed by the inflows. Accordingly, we propose a sampling methodology where the timing and the methods for data interpolation are established according to the hydrological conditions in the drained watershed. Accounting for the economical and practical constraints imposed by the monitoring authorities, we propose to integrate, at the mouth of lake tributaries, a monthly manual sampling with an auto-sampler programmed to fill 2 bottles in correspondence of each high flow event. Our simulations showed that in this case the load estimation error was reduced below 1%, implying, on average, 13 field surveys/year and 21 laboratory analyses/year only. It is reasonable to expect comparable performances in hydrologically similar watersheds.

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Ongoing ecological shifts in a large lake are driven by climate change and eutrophication: evidences from a three-decade study in Lake Garda

Cited by 44 publications

References 66 publications

Intermittent meromixis controls the trophic state of warming deep lakes

Intermittent meromixis controls the trophic state of warming deep lakes

The Variability of the Planktonic Algae Biomass and Their Species Structure in the Ponds of the Park and Palace Complex in Żywiec

Monitoring phosphorus in the tributaries of a deep lake from the perspective of the receiving water body

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