One-step hydrothermal synthesis of monoclinic vanadium dioxide nanoparticles with low phase transition temperature

Kirkendall effect induced ultrafine VOOH nanoparticles and their transformation into VO2(M) for energy-efficient smart windows

“…For the one-step hydrothermal method, a critical hydrothermal temperature above 240 1C or even 300 1C is essential. 38,39 For the two-step hydrothermal method, the hydrothermal temperature could be lower than 240 1C but needs to be at least 200 1C. 36,40,41 It is obvious the hydrothermal conditions of our work were mild and effective.…”

Multifunctional thermochromic smart windows for building energy saving

“…However, the high phase transition temperature, 13 limited luminous transmittance, 45 and weak solar modulation ability 46 have restricted the development of VO 2 -based smart windows. Many strategies have been proposed to tackle these problems, including element doping, 46,47 multilayer lms, 48,49 nanocomposite lms, 50,51 and nano-/microstructural engineering. 52,53 For example, W can donate extra electrons to VO 2 and lower the thermal driving force for electronic movement.…”

Bio‐Inspired, Scalable, and Tri‐Mode Stimuli‐Chromic Composite for Smart Window Multifunctionality

“…[ 8–11 ] Recent development of smart window technology can be mainly classified as electro‐, [ 12–16 ] thermo‐, [ 17–19 ] mechano‐, [ 20–22 ] photo‐, [ 23 ] and hydro‐/solvato‐chromism, [ 24,25 ] based on the different stimuli‐responsiveness mechanisms. [ 8 ] However, individual stimulus‐chromism provides limited functionalities for smart windows: most previous works focus on energy‐saving functionality only, [ 8,26 ] while giving less attention to other functionalities such as on‐demand privacy, aesthetic appearance, and so on. For example, the most‐investigated thermochromic vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) can only modulate the near‐infrared (NIR) solar transmittance, while overlooking the unfavoured yellow‐brown appearance and aesthetic demands.…”

“…For example, the most‐investigated thermochromic vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) can only modulate the near‐infrared (NIR) solar transmittance, while overlooking the unfavoured yellow‐brown appearance and aesthetic demands. [ 3,26,27 ] Recent works regarding dual‐stimuli responsive material for smart windows have made certain progress, such as enhanced solar modulation (Δ T sol ), [ 28 ] ultra‐broad band‐selective regulation, [ 29 ] or integrated energy‐saving and privacy functionalities. [ 30 ] Further development is expected for multi‐stimuli responsive materials for light modulation to extend multifunctionalities.…”