Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate whether one-shot dilatation technique is as safe in patients with a history of open-stone surgery as it is in patients without previous open-stone surgery. Methods: Between January 2007 and February 2015, 82 patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) surgery with one-shot dilation technique who previously had open-stone surgery were retrospectively reviewed and evaluated (Group 1). Another 82 patients were selected randomly among patients who had PNL with one-shot dilation technique, but with no history of open renal surgery (Group 2). Age, gender, type of kidney stone , duration of surgery, radiation exposure time, and whether or not there was any bleeding requiring perioperative and postoperative transfusion were noted for each patient . Results: The stone-free rates, operation and fluoroscopy time, and peroperative and postoperative complication rates were similar in both groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Our experience indicated that PNL with one-shot dilation technique is a reliable method in patients with a history of open-stone surgery.