One-stage dental implantation without orthopedic loads – histological and radiographic control of survival

Abstract

Purpose: histological and radiographic study and comparison of osseointegration and stability of implants without orthopedic load, installed in different ways (simultaneously in a fresh socket immediately after tooth extraction and in mature bone).Materials and methods: the criterion for inclusion in the study was the possibility of placing a test (immediately after tooth extraction) and a control implant (in mature bone) on opposite sites without the use of osteoplastic materials or membranes. The procedures were followed by periapical radiography, which was repeated three months later. According to the comparative data of the images, the marginal loss of bone tissue was calculated. Both implants were removed to obtain histological specimens. Sections were prepared by standard staining with hematoxylin and eosin. Using an X-ray digitizer, the percentage of implant-to-bone connection was calculated.Results: the data of histological and radiographic studies showed no significant difference in the osseointegration of the implant in the post-extraction lenok and in the mature bone. There was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of bone connection between test and control implants placed in different jaws. Connective tissue in implants is absent, as well as fibrous. Bone destruction was not observed in histological sections.Conclusions: jsseointegration and survival of dental implants without orthopedic load, installed without the use of osteoplastic materials in a fresh post-extraction hole and in a mature bone is almost the same, regardless of the place of installation (upper or lower jaw).