One-Repetition-Maximum Measures or Maximum Bar-Power Output: Which Is More Related to Sport Performance?

Loturco, Irineu; Suchomel, Timothy J.; Bishop, Chris; Kobal, Ronaldo; Pereira, Lucas A.; McGuigan, Michael R.

doi:10.1123/ijspp.2018-0255

Cited by 29 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The rate of force development (RFD) is an important measurement in sports performance, as force application in many activities occurs over short time periods . Therefore, while peak force is a valid and highly reliable means of broadly monitoring neuromuscular function, rapid force production characteristics are equally valuable and more specific to the execution of explosive tasks . Unfortunately, only three training studies examining different contraction intents reported RFD variables .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,100-102 Therefore, while peak force is a valid and highly reliable means of broadly monitoring neuromuscular function, rapid force production characteristics are equally valuable and more specific to the execution of explosive tasks. 2,[100][101][102][103] Unfortunately, only three training studies examining different contraction intents reported RFD variables. 43,47,48 Regardless, all three studies reported that isometric training with an "explosive" or "ballistic" intent was superior to ramping contractions for improving rapid force production.…”

Section: The Rate Of Force Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isometric training and long‐term adaptations: Effects of muscle length, intensity, and intent: A systematic review

Oranchuk

Storey

Nelson

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

115

106

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Isometric training is used in the rehabilitation and physical preparation of athletes, special populations, and the general public. However, little consensus exists regarding training guidelines for a variety of desired outcomes. Understanding the adaptive response to specific loading parameters would be of benefit to practitioners. The objective of this systematic review, therefore, was to detail the medium‐ to long‐term adaptations of different types of isometric training on morphological, neurological, and performance variables. Exploration of the relevant subject matter was performed through MEDLINE, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL databases. English, full‐text, peer‐reviewed journal articles and unpublished doctoral dissertations investigating medium‐ to long‐term (≥3 weeks) adaptations to isometric training in humans were identified. These studies were evaluated further for methodological quality. Twenty‐six research outputs were reviewed. Isometric training at longer muscle lengths (0.86%‐1.69%/week, ES = 0.03‐0.09/week) produced greater muscular hypertrophy when compared to equal volumes of shorter muscle length training (0.08%‐0.83%/week, ES = −0.003 to 0.07/week). Ballistic intent resulted in greater neuromuscular activation (1.04%‐10.5%/week, ES = 0.02‐0.31/week vs 1.64%‐5.53%/week, ES = 0.03‐0.20/week) and rapid force production (1.2%‐13.4%/week, ES = 0.05‐0.61/week vs 1.01%‐8.13%/week, ES = 0.06‐0.22/week). Substantial improvements in muscular hypertrophy and maximal force production were reported regardless of training intensity. High‐intensity (≥70%) contractions are required for improving tendon structure and function. Additionally, long muscle length training results in greater transference to dynamic performance. Despite relatively few studies meeting the inclusion criteria, this review provides practitioners with insight into which isometric training variables (eg, joint angle, intensity, intent) to manipulate to achieve desired morphological and neuromuscular adaptations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Rate Of Force Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isometric training and long‐term adaptations: Effects of muscle length, intensity, and intent: A systematic review

Oranchuk

Storey

Nelson

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

115

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Maximum bar-power output in the half-squat exercise Maximum mean propulsive power (MPP) output was assessed in the HS exercise on a Smith-machine (Hammer-Strength Equipment, Rosemont, IL, USA). Participants were instructed to execute three repetitions at maximal velocity for each load, starting at 40 % of their BM [19]. Participants executed a squat until the thigh was parallel to the ground and, after a command, moved the bar as fast as possible without their shoulders losing contact with the bar and without losing foot contact with the ground.…”

Section: Sprint Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants executed a squat until the thigh was parallel to the ground and, after a command, moved the bar as fast as possible without their shoulders losing contact with the bar and without losing foot contact with the ground. A load of 10 % of BM was progressively added for each set until a decrement in the MPP was observed [19][20][21]. A 5-min rest period occurred between sets.…”

Section: Sprint Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resisted Sprint Velocity in Female Soccer Players: Influence of Physical Capacities

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to examine the effects of different sled overloads on maximum sprint velocity achieved by female soccer players with different strength, speed, and power levels. Twenty elite female soccer players from the same club participated. On the same day, athletes performed: linear and resisted-sprint tests with 30 and 60 % of body-mass over 5-, 10-, and 20-m; half-squat maximum bar-power output, and half-squat one-repetition maximum assessment. A median split analysis was used to divide players into two groups according to their velocity, half-squat one-repetition maximum, and half-squat power. Differences in percentage decreases between unresisted- and resisted-sprints comparing higher and lower groups were analyzed using magnitude-based inferences. Overall, the stronger, faster, and more powerful players were less affected by both loads, as demonstrated by their lower decreases in velocity over the different distances. However, half-squat power appeared to be more sensitive for indicating impairments in resisted-sprint performance, due to meaningful differences in percentage decreases observed between higher and lower power groups. Notably, overloads of 30 and 60% of body-mass provoked substantial reductions in resisted-sprint velocity (~22.9% for 30% and ~51.4% for 60% of body-mass, relative to unresisted-sprint velocity). Athletes with superior power levels are less affected by the progressive sled overloading.

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Within Session Exercise Sequencing During Programming for Complex Training: Historical Perspectives, Terminology, and Training Considerations

Cormier

Freitas

Loturco³

et al. 2022

Sports Med

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Objective. To explore how lifestyle and demographic, socioeconomic, and disease-related factors are associated with supervised exercise adherence in an osteoarthritis (OA) management program and the ability of these factors to explain exercise adherence.Methods. A cohort register-based study on participants from the Swedish Osteoarthritis Registry who attended the exercise part of a nationwide Swedish OA management program. We ran a multinomial logistic regression to determine the association of exercise adherence with the abovementioned factors. We calculated their ability to explain exercise adherence with the McFadden R 2 .Results. Our sample comprises 19,750 participants (73% female, mean ± SD age 67 ± 8.9 years). Among them, 5,862 (30%) reached a low level of adherence, 3,947 (20%) a medium level, and 9,941 (50%) a high level. After a listwise deletion, the analysis was run on 16,685 participants (85%), with low levels of adherence as the reference category. Some factors were positively associated with high levels of adherence, such as older age (relative risk ratio [RRR] 1.01 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.01-1.02] per year), and the arthritis-specific self-efficacy (RRR 1.04 [95% CI 1.02-1.07] per 10-point increase). Others were negatively associated with high levels of adherence, such as female sex (RRR 0.82 [95% CI 0.75-0.89]), having a medium (RRR 0.89 [95% CI 0.81-0.98] or a high level of education ). Nevertheless, the investigating factors could explain 1% of the variability in exercise adherence (R 2 = 0.012).Conclusion. Despite the associations reported above, the poorly explained variability suggests that strategies based on lifestyle and demographic, socioeconomic, and disease-related factors are unlikely to improve exercise adherence significantly.

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One-Repetition-Maximum Measures or Maximum Bar-Power Output: Which Is More Related to Sport Performance?

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Isometric training and long‐term adaptations: Effects of muscle length, intensity, and intent: A systematic review

Isometric training and long‐term adaptations: Effects of muscle length, intensity, and intent: A systematic review

Resisted Sprint Velocity in Female Soccer Players: Influence of Physical Capacities

Within Session Exercise Sequencing During Programming for Complex Training: Historical Perspectives, Terminology, and Training Considerations

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