One practical CaCl<sub>2</sub>-weighted fracturing fluid for high-temperature and high-pressure reservoir

Mao, Jincheng; Liao, Zhengjie; Jiang, Jianxun; Yang, Xiaojiang; Zhang, Yang; Tang, Yue; Liu, Peng; Zhang, Heng; Xue, Ju-Kui; Mao, Jinhua; Lin, Chong

doi:10.1080/10916466.2022.2050388

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, when sodium sulfite was added to sodium bromate, sodium sulfite acted as a reductant and underwent an oxidation–reduction reaction with sodium bromate to generate more oxidative free radicals, which improved the speed of gel breaking. Therefore, the mixed breakers exhibited a stronger gel breaking capacity by adjusting the ratio of sodium bromate and sodium bisulfite, which guaranteed the proppant-carrying performance of the fracturing fluid and ensured smooth construction …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a Variable Viscosity Friction Reducer Suspension with High Salt Tolerance and Low Damage

Shi

Sun

et al. 2022

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In view of challenges such as the long dissolution time of powder friction reducers in high-salinity water, poor environmental friendliness of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion friction reducers, and the poor proppant-carrying capacity of conventional slickwater, a novel variable viscosity friction reducer suspension (EACM) with high salt tolerance, low damage, and strong proppant-carrying capacity was prepared by dispersing salt-tolerant polymer powder in alcohol solvents. The solubility, drag reduction ability, viscoelasticity, proppant-carrying capacity, temperature and shear resistance, and gel breaking ability of EACM were investigated. The results showed that the best solvent for the friction reducer suspension was polyethylene glycol 400, in which EACM exhibited a rapid dissolution rate with a thickening rate of 89.5% within 2 min. Due to the synergic effect between fumed silica and polyamide wax as antisedimentation agents, both at a concentration of 2.0 wt %, the EACM could remain stable for 60 days. EACM showed an excellent drag reduction performance at both low and high viscosities in 100 000 mg/L salt brine. Specifically, a drag reduction of up to 72.4% was obtained using 0.21 wt % EACM (4.65 mPa s), and a 60.8% drag reduction was achieved using 1.0 wt % EACM (35.5 mPa s). When the concentration increased from 0.13 to 1.0 wt %, the EACM solution changed from viscous to elastic; the spatial network structure of the solution became more compact, and the proppant-carrying capacity was enhanced. The viscosity of 1.6 wt % EACM solution could be maintained at 55.9 mPa s after shearing at 90 °C for 120 min at a shear rate of 100 s −1 . EACM solution also exhibited the advantages of easy breaking and low residue. This paper provides guidance for the design and selection of a novel friction reducer suspension in the oil and gas industry.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the mixed breakers exhibited a stronger gel breaking capacity by adjusting the ratio of sodium bromate and sodium bisulfite, which guaranteed the proppant-carrying performance of the fracturing fluid and ensured smooth construction. 56…”

Section: Backscattering Flux Of Friction Reducer Suspensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a Variable Viscosity Friction Reducer Suspension with High Salt Tolerance and Low Damage

Shi

Sun

et al. 2022

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CaCl 2 weighted fracturing fluid is selected as the preflush fluid for fracturing and opening the reservoir in the early stage, and KCl weighted fracturing fluid is selected in the later stage to improve the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid in the well and to reduce the risk of wellhead overpressure, so the requirements of pipe string and injection equipment will be less stringent. Adding CaCl 2 and KCl, the density of fracturing fluid can be increased and the liquid column pressure can be increased, thus avoiding increasing the bottom hole pressure by increasing the wellhead pressure (Mao et al 2022;Yang et al 2020b). 2.…”

Section: Difficulties and Measures Of Reservoir Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research and application of acid fracturing stimulation mechanism in ultra-deep subsalt dolomite reservoir in Tarim Basin

Liu

Zhao

Qin

et al. 2022

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs are the focus of exploration and development in future. However, the problems of high pressures in the treatment process, a limited effective etching distance of acid, great acid leak-off, and poor adaptability of the acid system are encountered in this type of oil and gas reservoir. The mechanism of acid fracturing stimulation under different processes and parameters is not clear. Aiming at these issues, the treatment schemes, process optimization, parameter optimization, and liquid system screening are studied in this paper, try to clarify the acid fracturing stimulation mechanism, and the following conclusions are drawn: The acid network fracturing could activate natural fracture to generate a complex fracture network to the greatest extent, and thereby a high output could be achieved; By using of weighted fracturing fluid, the wellhead injection pressure, as well as the performance of equipment required, could be effectively reduced; With 20% gelling acid and 20% retarded acid system, the non-uniform etching could be realized to improve the effective etching distance of acid liquid. The conclusions in this paper shed light on the acid fracturing treatment of deep and ultra-deep carbonate rocks.

show abstract

“…Fracturing is a crucial technology for stimulating oil and gas production and has been extensively employed in the field [1][2][3][4][5]. The fracturing fluid system and technology used in the petroleum industry are highly developed [6][7][8][9][10]. The main medium of fracturing fluid can be divided into water-based fracturing fluid, oil-based fracturing fluids b, concentrated energy foam fracturing fluid, and alcohol-based fracturing fluid [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Fracturing Fluid with High-Temperature Resistance for Ultra-Deep Reservoirs

Liu,

Li,

Jiao

et al. 2024

FDMP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ultra-deep reservoirs play an important role at present in fossil energy exploitation. Due to the related high temperature, high pressure, and high formation fracture pressure, however, methods for oil well stimulation do not produce satisfactory results when conventional fracturing fluids with a low pumping rate are used. In response to the above problem, a fracturing fluid with a density of 1.2~1.4 g/cm 3 was developed by using Potassium formatted, hydroxypropyl guanidine gum and zirconium crosslinking agents. The fracturing fluid was tested and its ability to maintain a viscosity of 100 mPa.s over more than 60 min was verified under a shear rate of 170 1/s and at a temperature of 175°C. This fluid has good sand-carrying performances, a low viscosity after breaking the rubber, and the residue content is less than 200 mg/L. Compared with ordinary reconstruction fluid, it can increase the density by 30%~40% and reduce the wellhead pressure of 8000 m level reconstruction wells. Moreover, the new fracturing fluid can significantly mitigate safety risks.

show abstract

One practical CaCl₂-weighted fracturing fluid for high-temperature and high-pressure reservoir

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a Variable Viscosity Friction Reducer Suspension with High Salt Tolerance and Low Damage

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a Variable Viscosity Friction Reducer Suspension with High Salt Tolerance and Low Damage

Research and application of acid fracturing stimulation mechanism in ultra-deep subsalt dolomite reservoir in Tarim Basin

A Novel Fracturing Fluid with High-Temperature Resistance for Ultra-Deep Reservoirs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

One practical CaCl2-weighted fracturing fluid for high-temperature and high-pressure reservoir

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a Variable Viscosity Friction Reducer Suspension with High Salt Tolerance and Low Damage

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a Variable Viscosity Friction Reducer Suspension with High Salt Tolerance and Low Damage

Research and application of acid fracturing stimulation mechanism in ultra-deep subsalt dolomite reservoir in Tarim Basin

A Novel Fracturing Fluid with High-Temperature Resistance for Ultra-Deep Reservoirs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

One practical CaCl₂-weighted fracturing fluid for high-temperature and high-pressure reservoir