One‐Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydronium Tris(4,4′‐Dicarboxylato‐2,2′‐Bipyridine)‐Ruthenium(II) Dihydrate

Nazeeruddin, M. D. K.; Kalyanasundaram, K.; Grätzel, Michaël; Sullivan, B. Patrick; Morris, K. G.

doi:10.1002/9780470132630.ch31

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…4,4‘-Dimethyl-2,2‘-bipyridine (DMB) was obtained from Reilley Industries and recrystalized from ethyl acetate. Cobalt(II) perchlorate hydrate was obtained from GFS Chemical Co. DCB was prepared according to the literature procedure . Unless otherwise indicated all reagents were used without further purification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indium Tin Oxide Electrodes Modified with Tris(2,2‘-bipyridine-4,4‘-dicarboxylic acid) Iron(II) and the Catalytic Oxidation of Tris(4,4‘-di-tert-butyl-2,2‘-bipyridine) Cobalt(II)

2005

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Indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes modified by attachment of tris(2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid) iron(II) are examined. The mode of attachment is believed to be via the COOH functions in a manner similar to attachment of similar carboxylate-containing compounds to TiO2 surfaces. On the surface the complex resides as a stable electrochemically active monolayer. These modified electrodes can efficiently catalyze the oxidation of certain cobalt complexes, specifically, tris(4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine) cobalt(II). On the unmodified ITO surfaces this cobalt complex is essentially electrochemically inert. The catalytic process approaches diffusional control at very slow scan speeds. Also, the electro-catalysis is sufficiently efficient that the peak oxidation current for Co2+, under certain conditions, exceeds the i(p) for the surface oxidation of the adsorbed Fe2+ by >x100 and the current for the uncatalyzed oxidation of Co2+ by considerably more than that.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indium Tin Oxide Electrodes Modified with Tris(2,2‘-bipyridine-4,4‘-dicarboxylic acid) Iron(II) and the Catalytic Oxidation of Tris(4,4‘-di-tert-butyl-2,2‘-bipyridine) Cobalt(II)

2005

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“…2,2′-Bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid and 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-bis(methyl ester) were prepared according to published procedures. N , N -Dimethylformamide (DMF; EMD Millipore, OmniSolv grade) was dried before use (where stated) following published procedures .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are High-Potential Cobalt Tris(bipyridyl) Complexes Sufficiently Stable to Be Efficient Mediators in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells? Synthesis, Characterization, and Stability Tests

Kirner

Elliott

2015

J. Phys. Chem. C

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We report the synthesis of three new, high-oxidation-potential cobalt complexes. The ligand lability of cobalt complexes, especially those of higher redox potential, has been scantly addressed in the current literature on the use of these complexes in dyesensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In characterizing our high-potential complexes, multiple pieces of evidence reveal a trend of decreasing complex stability with increasing redox potential. These include the appearance of multiple waves in the cyclic voltammetry, a color change upon addition of 4-tert-butylpyridine indicating the formation of a new species, direct NMR evidence of free dissociated ligand in acetonitrile solution, and potential-independent DSSC recombination currents paralleling the stability trends as determined by NMR. We take advantage of a simple quantitative NMR experiment to determine the approximate ligandbinding equilibrium (stability) constants of our complexes in acetonitrile at room temperature. With the above information, we propose alternative, clathrochelating ligand structures for the future study of high potential cobalt mediators for application in DSSCs.

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“…Based on these discussions, Equation 18 (where J inj ∼ = J sc is the electron injection current resulting from dye sensitization at opencircuit conditions, c ox is the concentration of the I 3 − ions at the interface dyed-TiO 2 /electrolyte, ˇ is the electron-transfer coefficient, n 0 is the electron population at the TiO 2 film in the dark, and the exponents m and u are the orders of the reaction rate for the I 3 − ions and electrons, respectively [34]) allows for confirmation that the tendency observed for the electron transfer resistance through the dyed-TiO 2 /electrolyte interfaces is in agreement with the opencircuit potentials compiled in Table 1 for the DSSC-1 (E OC = 676 mV) and DSSC-2 (E OC = 555 mV) systems. …”

Section: Photoelectrochemistrymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…1) by immersion in MeOH (J.T. Baker, HPLC grade) containing 0.3 mM tetrasodium tris(4,4 -dicarboxylato-2,2 -bipyridine)-ruthenium(II) (Ru-dye, which was prepared by following a reported methodology [18], Scheme 1A) + 20 mM deoxycholic acid (DCA, Sigma-Aldrich, 99%, Scheme 1B, with a length of 1.43 nm along the molecular axis [19]) for 24 h [20]. The resulting electrodes were denoted as TiO 2 /DCA•Ru-dye.…”

Section: Preparation Of Dsscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the interfacial concentrations of I 3 − and Li + ions in illuminated ruthenium (II) complex-sensitized nanoparticulate TiO 2 photoanodes chemically coated by poly(amidoamide) dendrimers generation 4.0 for enhancing the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

Pérez-Viramontes

Méndez

Díaz-Acosta

et al. 2014

Electrochimica Acta

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One‐Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydronium Tris(4,4′‐Dicarboxylato‐2,2′‐Bipyridine)‐Ruthenium(II) Dihydrate

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Indium Tin Oxide Electrodes Modified with Tris(2,2‘-bipyridine-4,4‘-dicarboxylic acid) Iron(II) and the Catalytic Oxidation of Tris(4,4‘-di-tert-butyl-2,2‘-bipyridine) Cobalt(II)

Indium Tin Oxide Electrodes Modified with Tris(2,2‘-bipyridine-4,4‘-dicarboxylic acid) Iron(II) and the Catalytic Oxidation of Tris(4,4‘-di-tert-butyl-2,2‘-bipyridine) Cobalt(II)

Are High-Potential Cobalt Tris(bipyridyl) Complexes Sufficiently Stable to Be Efficient Mediators in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells? Synthesis, Characterization, and Stability Tests

Controlling the interfacial concentrations of I 3 − and Li + ions in illuminated ruthenium (II) complex-sensitized nanoparticulate TiO 2 photoanodes chemically coated by poly(amidoamide) dendrimers generation 4.0 for enhancing the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

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