One-Pot Synthesis of High-Performance Tin Chalcogenides/C Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Tin chalcogenides are considered as promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high theoretical lithium-storage capacity. Herein, we have successfully synthesized the composites of tin chalcogenides and graphite, that is, SnS/C, SnSe/C, and SnS 0.5 Se 0.5 /C, via a simple one-pot solid-state method. During the electrochemical test, they exhibit excellent lithiumstorage ability and cyclic performance as the anode electrodes of LIBs due to the introduction of carbon. In particular, (i) SnS/C displayed a high specific capacity of 875 mAh g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 over 200 cycles; (ii) SnSe/C presents 734 mAh g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 after 100 cycles, and it delivers 690 mAh g −1 at 1.0 A g −1 over 300 cycles; and (iii) the SnS 0.5 Se 0.5 /C composite electrode delivers a specific capacity of 643 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 over 150 cycles. Furthermore, another series of tin-based composites have also been successfully fabricated (i.e., Sn/C, SnS 2 /C, SnSe 2 /C, and SnTe/C), showing the general applicability of the synthetic route applied here. Our synthetic approach demonstrates a promising route for the large-scale production of high-performance tin chalcogenides/C anode materials for LIBs and other battery systems (e.g., Na-ion and K-ion batteries).

Facile Synthesis of MPS3/C (M = Ni and Sn) Hybrid Materials and Their Application in Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…Nowadays, LIBs have been applied widely in energy storage devices, portable electronics, and electric vehicles. − However, as the present anode material of commercial LIBs, graphite has a low lithiation capacity with a theoretical limitation of 372 mA h g –1 and a poor rate performance . Therefore, the research of new anode materials to replace graphite is one of the most attractive topics in LIBs and considerable achievements have been made. − As reported in previous studies, double-anion MXY (M: metal and X, Y: anion ions) materials have attracted considerable attention and especially have shown some intriguing applications in electrocatalysis. − Very recently, we synthesized tin phosphides and tin chalcogenides and applied them as the anode materials for LIBs, showing considerably good performances. , Therefore, for a further step, we attempted to synthesize double-anion MPS 3 (M: Ni and Sn) materials and apply them for LIBs. Previously, metal thiophosphites (MTPs) were also studied as the anode of LIBs. − For instance, Dangol et al .…”

“…9−11 Very recently, we synthesized tin phosphides and tin chalcogenides and applied them as the anode materials for LIBs, showing considerably good performances. 12,13 Therefore, for a further step, we attempted to synthesize double-anion MPS 3 (M: Ni and Sn) materials and apply them for LIBs. Previously, metal thiophosphites (MTPs) were also studied as the anode of LIBs.…”

Copper cobalt tin sulphide (Cu2CoSnS4) anodes synthesised using a chemical route for stable and efficient rechargeable lithium-ion batteries

“…3 Moreover, graphite is a widely studied anode because of its low cost and chemical stability, but its theoretical capacity is extremely low (372 mA h g −1 ) and has sluggish kinetics. 4 Thus, various substances have been investigated as promising alternative anode materials for LIBs. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Tin is known to be an optimum anode due to its high theoretical capacity of 994 mA h g −1 , while being inexpensive and non-toxic.…”

Layered Tin Phosphide Composites as Promising Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…For instance, Wang and co-workers reported the remarkable Li-storage performance of a series of nanosized tin chalcogenide composite materials, including SnS/C, SnSe/C, and SnS 0.5 Se 0.5 /C. 12 Furthermore, metal thiophosphate MPS 3 (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Sn, etc.) are also attractive anodes for LIBs, ascribed to their layered structures and higher theoretical capacities of over 1300 mAh g −1 than the corresponding binary oxides and sulfides.…”

“…Particularly, tin chalcogenides have been widely explored as promising anodes for LIBs. For instance, Wang and co-workers reported the remarkable Li-storage performance of a series of nanosized tin chalcogenide composite materials, including SnS/C, SnSe/C, and SnS 0.5 Se 0.5 /C . Furthermore, metal thiophosphate MPS 3 (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Sn, etc.)…”