One-Pot Sonochemical Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Applications, Modelling and Optimization

Abstract

This present study proposed a successful one pot synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and their optimisation for photocatalytic applications. Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were selected as chemical reagents for the proposed study. The design of this experiment was based on the reagents’ amounts and the ultrasonic irradiations’ time. The results regarding scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of ZnO NPs with pure hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure in all synthesised samples. Photocatalytic activity of the developed samples was evaluated against methylene blue dye solution. The rapid removal of methylene blue dye indicated the higher photocatalytic activity of the developed samples than untreated samples. Moreover, central composite design was utilised for statistical analysis regarding the obtained results. A mathematical model for the optimisation of input conditions was designed to predict the results at any given point. The role of crystallisation on the photocatalytic performance of developed samples was discussed in detail in this novel study.

Thermophysiological comfort of sonochemically synthesized nano TiO2 coated woven fabrics

“…The results collectively propose that applied treatment (coating of nano TiO 2 on both fabrics by sonication) induced positive physicochemical changes and enhanced thermophysiological comfort properties of woven textiles. The benefits of sonication for the synthesis of nanomaterials were explained thoroughly in previous studies 23,25 . A twinkling comparison for investigated thermophysiological properties of all samples is presented in a spider plot based on the original experimental values and illustrated in Fig.…”

“…The applications of TiO 2 varies from sunscreens to paints and waste water treatment to self-cleaning performance 16 . Many researchers have reported successful coating of TiO 2 on textiles for photocatalytic applications [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] . Sonication (utilization of ultrasonic energy) has shown its potential as a facile, economical and eco-friendly method for the fabrication of nanostructures and their deposition on textiles 24 .…”

Functional Properties of Sonochemically Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Cotton Composites

“…The benefits of ultrasonic energy in the preparation of nanomaterials have been proven as an economical, facile, non-toxic, and environmentally benign approach [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Many types of nanomaterials were coated on textile materials by sonochemical approach [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Influence of Conditioning Temperature on Defects in the Double Al2O3/ZnO Layer Deposited by the ALD Method

“…Both ZnO and Al 2 O 3 can be manufactured by many methods such as spin coating [ 15 ], molecular beam epitaxy [ 16 ], sol-gel [ 17 ], electrodeposition [ 18 ], microwave-assisted growth [ 19 ], sonochemical method [ 20 ] and hydrothermal method [ 21 ]. Another technique of thin layer manufacturing is ALD [ 22 ], which has a few advantages over other physical and chemical deposition techniques.…”