Abstract:Borylated aryl alkynes have been synthesized via one-pot iridium catalyzed C–H borylation (CHB)/Sonogashira cross-coupling of aryl bromides. Direct borylation of aryl alkynes encountered problems related to the reactivity of the alkyne under CHB conditions. However, tolerance of aryl bromides to CHB made possible a subsequent Sonogashira cross-coupling to access the desired borylated aryl alkynes.
Iridium-catalyzed
C–H borylation of CF
3
-substituted
pyridines is described in this paper. The boronic ester group can
be installed on the α, β, or γ position of pyridine
by an appropriate substitution pattern. Sterically governed regioselectivity
provides convenient access to a variety of CF
3
-substituted
pyridylboronic esters. These catalytic C–H borylation reactions
were carried out neatly without the use of any solvent. Several functional
groups, such as halo, ester, alkoxy, amino, etc., are compatible with
this methodology. These pyridylboronic esters are amenable to column
chromatography and the products were isolated in good to excellent
yields. α-Borylated pyridines, although isolated in good yields,
do not have a long shelf life. The boronic ester derivatives of these
CF
3
-substituted pyridines can serve as useful precursors
in the synthesis regime.
Iridium-catalyzed
C–H borylation of CF
3
-substituted
pyridines is described in this paper. The boronic ester group can
be installed on the α, β, or γ position of pyridine
by an appropriate substitution pattern. Sterically governed regioselectivity
provides convenient access to a variety of CF
3
-substituted
pyridylboronic esters. These catalytic C–H borylation reactions
were carried out neatly without the use of any solvent. Several functional
groups, such as halo, ester, alkoxy, amino, etc., are compatible with
this methodology. These pyridylboronic esters are amenable to column
chromatography and the products were isolated in good to excellent
yields. α-Borylated pyridines, although isolated in good yields,
do not have a long shelf life. The boronic ester derivatives of these
CF
3
-substituted pyridines can serve as useful precursors
in the synthesis regime.
“…On the other side, N−H unprotected pyrroleboronic esters have been much less utilized for Suzuki coupling [ 78 ]. Our group has been interested in exploring catalytic C–H borylation reactions for organic synthesis [ 72 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 ]. A recent report about failure of installation of highly electron-rich aromatic substituent on pyrrole by direct arylation [ 52 ] prompted us to investigate Suzuki coupling route for this purpose.…”
A convenient two-step preparation of NH-free 5-aryl-pyrrole-2-carboxylates is described. The synthetic route consists of catalytic borylation of commercially available pyrrole-2-carboxylate ester followed by Suzuki coupling without going through pyrrole N–H protection and deprotection steps. The resulting 5-aryl substituted pyrrole-2-carboxylates were synthesized in good- to excellent yields. This synthetic route can tolerate a variety of functional groups including those with acidic protons on the aryl bromide coupling partner. This methodology is also applicable for cross-coupling with heteroaryl bromides to yield pyrrole-thiophene, pyrrole-pyridine, and 2,3’-bi-pyrrole based bi-heteroaryls.
“…The high chemoselectivity exhibited by transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions can be exploited to develop various synthetic transformations using one-pot procedures. In this issue, Malezcka, Smith et al describe the efficient combination of the regioselective iridium-catalyzed C–H borylation of aryl halides with the Sonogashira coupling [ 29 ]. Interestingly, the coupling reaction takes place selectively at the carbon–halogen bond allowing the preparation of novel alkynyl boron reagents.…”
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