One health national programme across species on zoonoses: a call to the developing world

Abstract

Zoonoses constitute 868 (61%) of all known infectious diseases, 75% of the infections considered ‘emerging’ are zoonoses. Developed nations have national programmes, adjoining “One Health” concept to combat zoonoses, whereas inadequacies exist in developing nations. As a case study, role of national programmes in India, a developing nation with a large human and animal population, was explored, as we did have acquaintance of it. Data from PubMed was extracted using keywords “Zoonoses AND Prevalence/Incidence AND India AND Human OR Animal” till 2009. Additionally, some individual disease keywords were used for extraction, which were missed by the above comprehensive search terms. On appraisal, the health sector in India has only a few national programme on zoonoses where as none exists in animal husbandry sector. In the struggle against zoonoses -a major constituent of emerging infections, a system approach based, one national programme is urgently required for the developing world.

Awareness, knowledge, and risks of zoonotic diseases among livestock farmers in Punjab

“…About 68% of workforce in India is in close contact with domestic animals [6] and their activities, such as working with animals and in their sheds, improper disposal of waste from animal sheds, skinning of infected animals, slaughtering of diseased animals, disposal of infective material from the diseased animals, and poor personal hygiene practices, have been reported to be important risk factors. Lack of awareness about the occurrence of zoonotic diseases and their impact on public health have acted as a major hurdle in commencing adequate and effective control measures [7]. In our perspective dairy farming management, culture and eating habits and perception of farmers about zoonotic diseases and their prevention needs to be assessed as an understanding about awareness and practices of farmers can be a useful tool in developing and improving existing control measures [8].…”

Knowledge Assessment through Surveying on Cattle Zoonotic Diseases in Dairy Farmers

“…The zoonotic diseases may be transmitted to livestock farmers through contamination during production, processing, and handling of food products of animal origin. About 68 % of workforce in India is in close contact with domestic animals and their activities, such as working with animals and in their sheds, improper disposal of waste from animal sheds, skinning of infected animals, slaughtering of diseased animals, disposal of infective material from the diseased animals and poor personal hygiene practices, have been reported to be important risk factors (Asokan et al, 2011 andPavani, 2014). Zoonotic diseases have both direct and indirect effects on livestock health and production.…”

Knowledgeof anthrax infection prevention and its associated factors among livestock owners in Sekotazuria district, Wag-himra zone, northeast, Amhara region Ethiopia: Cross Sectional Study

“…Literatures reported that adequate knowledge on anthrax prevention is considered as one of the strategy for anthrax prevention in humans [13,14]. However, lack of awareness among livestock owners contributed for the burden of the problem and it is also an important hurdle in controlling zoonotic diseases [15]. A study conducted in Bangladesh, 56.67% people had no knowledge about anthrax disease, its outbreak and the consequences, and 50.83% people did not have knowledge on the proper process of carcass disposal [16].…”