One for All and All for One: Collaboration and Cooperation in Triple Helix Knowledge Cocreation

Abstract

If innovation is the engine of economies, the partnerships in the Triple Helix model of innovation are the fuel that makes this engine work. Although each member of this model has its defined role, the present study sought to gain a new perspective on these partnerships, including the role of governments. Based on interviews with representatives of universities, companies, and governments in two countries (i.e., Portugal and Spain), this research focused on how innovation partnerships are formed as well as what obstacles to cooperation can arise. The results show that governments can play the role not only of a financier and legislator but also of a direct participant in innovation by entering into partnerships with the other Triple Helix actors. In addition, this study revealed that, irrespective of which partners and needs are in question, these networks operate mostly with public funds.

Membangun Kolaborasi Triple Helix Yang Ideal

“…Dukungan pemerintah dalam penyediaan infrastruktur dan dana, serta dukungan lembaga riset dalam penyediaan tenaga ahli sangat diperlukan. Pemerintah juga dapat berperan, tidak hanya sebagai pemberi dana dan pembuat peraturan/kebijakan, tetapi juga sebagai agen/aktor pengembangan inovasi dengan menjalin kemitraan dengan aktor triple helix lainnya (Mascarenhas et al, 2020).…”

Innovation Salons – Events for dialogical knowledge transfer between civil society and higher education institutions

“…This implies, secondly, that all societal actors can be involved in innovation processes as drivers, initiators, supporters, and promotors of innovation processes (Von Hippel, 2005). Such drivers may, for instance, be smart villagers (Zerrer and Sept, 2020), diverse communities (Müller and Ibert, 2015;Brinks, 2016;Lombardi et al, 2020;Martinus, 2022), social entrepreneurs (Richter et al, 2020), or government agents (Mascarenhas et al, 2020;Wolf et al, 2021). These social actors do not necessarily regard themselves as innovators, but nevertheless generate innovations, sometimes, for example, in the form of social innovations (Domanski et al, 2020;Richter and Christmann, 2021) Thirdly, recent studies on the time-spatial dimensions of innovation processes reveal the multi-local nature of such processes (Schmidt et al, 2018).…”

Antecedent and Consequents of Eco-Innovation for Sustainability: Generations' Perceptions in Brazil and Portugal

“…In what concerns innovative helixes, Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff (1995) highlight the triple helix, in which innovation occurs at the intersection of three institutional spaces, companies, government and educational institutions (Yoda and Kuwashima, 2020). If innovation is the engine of economies, the partnerships in the triple helix model of innovation are the fuel that makes this engine work (Mascarenhas et al, 2020). For Yu et al (2020), innovation is an important engine for the progress of science and technology.…”

“…),Carayannis et al (2017),Guerrero and Urbano (2017),Brem and Radziwon (2017) andLi et al (2018),Mascarenhas et al (2020),Yu et al (2020), andYoda andKuwashima (2020). Eco-innovation (EI) The Eco-innovation (EI) is an innovation aimed at environmental sustainability, it is important for the development of production systems, sustainable consumption in organizations of all sizes, drives and environmental resources management, organizational performance, issues social, technology and stakeholders, as well as integrating ecological concepts in innovation and competitiveness strategies.…”