One fluid to rule them all: Viscous hydrodynamic description of event-by-event central p+p, p+Pb and Pb+Pb collisions at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>5.02</mml:mn></mml:math> TeV

Weller, Ryan; Romatschke, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2017.09.077

Cited by 240 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…However, recent experimental results of pp collisions at high energies [2,3] have shown evidence of collective flow behavior similar to the one observed in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. The experimental data measured in pp collisions can be described quantitatively by using hydrodynamical models [4][5][6]. On the other hand, different theoretical toy models for both weak and strong coupling [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] have presented an overwhelming evidence that hydrodynamics becomes valid even in nonequilibrium situations where large gradients are present during the spacetime evolution of the fluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Far-from-equilibrium attractors and nonlinear dynamical systems approach to the Gubser flow

2018

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The nonequilibrium attractors of systems undergoing Gubser flow within relativistic kinetic theory are studied. In doing so we employ well-established methods of nonlinear dynamical systems which rely on finding the fixed points, investigating the structure of the flow diagrams of the evolution equations, and characterizing the basin of attraction using a Lyapunov function near the stable fixed points. We obtain the attractors of anisotropic hydrodynamics, Israel-Stewart (IS) and transient fluid (DNMR) theories and show that they are indeed nonplanar and the basin of attraction is essentially three dimensional. The attractors of each hydrodynamical model are compared with the one obtained from the exact Gubser solution of the Boltzmann equation within the relaxation time approximation. We observe that the anisotropic hydrodynamics is able to match up to high numerical accuracy the attractor of the exact solution while the second-order hydrodynamical theories fail to describe it. We show that the IS and DNMR asymptotic series expansions diverge and use resurgence techniques to perform the resummation of these divergences. We also comment on a possible link between the manifold of steepest descent paths in path integrals and the basin of attraction for the attractors via Lyapunov functions that opens a new horizon toward an effective field theory description of hydrodynamics. Our findings indicate that the reorganization of the expansion series carried out by anisotropic hydrodynamics resums the Knudsen and inverse Reynolds numbers to all orders and thus, it can be understood as an effective theory for the far-from-equilibrium fluid dynamics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Far-from-equilibrium attractors and nonlinear dynamical systems approach to the Gubser flow

2018

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“…One of the most surprising empirical insights that this type of modelling of subnuclear dynamics has revealed is the fact that hydrodynamics can describe the bulk properties of the system even for extreme pressure gradients, which at face value, question the applicability of this long distance effective theory to those collisions. The recent observation of collective phenomena also in even smaller systems, such as p-p collisions [13][14][15] together with the success of the same hydrodynamic modelling in describing them [16][17][18] poses new challenges to our understanding of the applicability of this theory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resurgence and hydrodynamic attractors in Gauss-Bonnet holography

Casalderrey-Solana

Gushterov

Meiring

2018

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Abstract:We study the convergence of the hydrodynamic series in the gravity dual of Gauss-Bonnet gravity in five dimensions with negative cosmological constant via holography. By imposing boost invariance symmetry, we find a solution to the Gauss-Bonnet equation of motion in inverse powers of the proper time, from which we can extract high order corrections to Bjorken flow for different values of the Gauss-Bonnet parameter λ GB . As in all other known examples the gradient expansion is, at most, an asymptotic series which can be understood through applying the techniques of Borel-Padé summation. As expected from the behaviour of the quasi-normal modes in the theory, we observe that the singularities in the Borel plane of this series show qualitative features that interpolate between the infinitely strong coupling limit of N = 4 Super Yang Mills theory and the expectation from kinetic theory. We further perform the Borel resummation to constrain the behaviour of hydrodynamic attractors beyond leading order in the hydrodynamic expansion. We find that for all values of λ GB considered, the convergence of different initial conditions to the resummation and its hydrodynamization occur at large and comparable values of the pressure anisotropy.

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“…A promising experiment driven approach for distinguishing the two scenarios is the systematic study of small systems with expected differences in the initial geometry. At top RHIC energy the Glauber model where each nucleon is a form of three constituent quarks, the model describes very well the experimental data for using a single choice for the transport parameters, such as shear and bulk viscosities [19]. …”

Section: Collective Effects In Small and Large Colliding Systemsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Anisotropic Flow Measurements at RHIC

Taranenko¹

2018

KEn

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Anisotropic flow measurements in relativistic-heavy ion collisions at RHIC-BNL and LHC-CERN have provided strong evidence for the formation of a strongly coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma (sQGP). In this article, we briefly review and discuss the recent results of anisotropic flow measurements from the STAR and PHENIX experiments at RHIC, such as 1) new measurements at top RHIC energy √ NN =200 GeV, 2) collective effects in small and large colliding systems, 3) current results and their understanding from the first beam energy scan program at RHIC (BES-I) and future plans for the BES-II program.

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One fluid to rule them all: Viscous hydrodynamic description of event-by-event central p+p, p+Pb and Pb+Pb collisions at s=5.02 TeV

Cited by 240 publications

References 92 publications

Far-from-equilibrium attractors and nonlinear dynamical systems approach to the Gubser flow

Far-from-equilibrium attractors and nonlinear dynamical systems approach to the Gubser flow

Resurgence and hydrodynamic attractors in Gauss-Bonnet holography

Anisotropic Flow Measurements at RHIC

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