One-dimensional titanate nanotube materials: heterogeneous solid catalysts for sustainable synthesis of biofuel precursors/value-added chemicals—a review

Abstract

Graphical Abstract One-dimensional (1D) titanate nanotubes materials (protonated titanate nanotube (HTNT) and sodium titanate nanotube (NaTNT)) have been reported as low-cost and efficient catalytic materials in chemical syntheses for the production of biofuel precursors with interesting catalytic performance exhibited, even better than some commonly used zeolites, H-MOR, H-β, SO 4 2− /Al 2 O 3 , and H-ZSM-5 solid catalysts with environmental benign in focus when compared with homogeneous catalytic materials. This mini-review expressly revealed the significance and potential of using HTNT and NaTNT as sustainable and environmentally benign solid catalysts/supports in various chemical reactions. The critical assessment of biomass valorization and titanate nanostructured materials as catalysts/supports via Green Chemistry approach, #7 (use of renewable feedstocks), #9 (use of catalyst against stoichiometry) and United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), #7 (affordable and clean energy; ensure access to inexpensive, reliable, sustainable, and new energy), is presented as integrated pathways to meet environmental benign technology toward sustainability. Hence, this work follows in the pattern of recent formulated features reported for solid catalysts—‘ PYSSVR ’ concept, which means P–production cost, Y–yield, S–stability, S–selectivity, V–versatility, and R–reusability.

Nanomaterials for Microplastic Removal from Wastewater: Current State of the Art Nanomaterials and Future Prospects

“…Furthermore, it is regarded as an environmentally friendly synthesis technology. Lastly, it is easy to scale-up to industrial demands . These benefits make it suitable for large scale industrial applications in the removal of MPs from wastewater .…”

Titania Nanotubes-Bonded Sulfamic Acid as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of n-Butyl Levulinate

“…In the past few years, TNTs synthesized by a simple alkaline hydrothermal treatment have been used as a solid acid catalyst for various acid-catalyzed organic transformations ( Kitano et al, 2010 ; Li et al, 2015 ; de Carvalho et al, 2017 ). The amount and strength of origin acid sites on the TNTs, however, would be limited in the catalytic applications ( Adeleye et al, 2021 ). It is worth noting that TNTs have a high concentration of hydroxyl groups (–OH) on the surface, which makes them flexible in functionalization with a wide range of organic groups, particular with organosiloxane agents.…”

Photocatalytic remediation of methylene blue using hydrothermally synthesized H-Titania and Na-Titania nanotubes

“…Nanotechnology has been proven to be suitable and equally efficient approach with the use of nano-adsorbents for the remediation of contaminants [ 42 , 43 , 44 ]. In the recent, many TiO 2 -derived photocatalytic materials have been developed and employed such as nanorods [ 45 ], nanotubes [ 26 , 46 , 47 ], nanofibres [ 48 ], nanowires [ 49 ]. These nano-derived materials are finding useful applications in the clean-up of the environment due to their interesting characteristic features [ 47 ], such as ion-exchange potential and efficient role in photocatalysis [ 46 , 50 ].…”

“…In the recent, many TiO 2 -derived photocatalytic materials have been developed and employed such as nanorods [ 45 ], nanotubes [ 26 , 46 , 47 ], nanofibres [ 48 ], nanowires [ 49 ]. These nano-derived materials are finding useful applications in the clean-up of the environment due to their interesting characteristic features [ 47 ], such as ion-exchange potential and efficient role in photocatalysis [ 46 , 50 ]. Besides, vulnerable to be tuned or modified via doping or co-doping with metal and/non-metals seems to be another quality that made them suitable for photocatalytic applications [ 51 , 52 , 53 ].…”

“…Among the previously employed preparation techniques for titanate nanotubes (TNTs) includes sol–gel [ 55 ], template method [ 56 ], hydrothermal treatment [ 46 , 50 ], anodization process [ 57 ]. Among the above-mentioned methods for the synthesis of titanate nanotubes, hydrothermal has been widely employed owing to the simpler procedure and eco-friendliness in nature without further modification of the existing apparatus to suit their current synthesis [ 46 , 50 ]. Hence, it was applied for the synthesis of titanate nanotubes used as photocatalytic materials in this research.…”