One-Dimensional Nanostructure Field-Effect Sensors for Gas Detection

Abstract

Recently; one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure field-effect transistors (FETs) have attracted much attention because of their potential application in gas sensing. Micro/nanoscaled field-effect sensors combine the advantages of 1D nanostructures and the characteristic of field modulation. 1D nanostructures provide a large surface area-volume ratio; which is an outstanding advantage for gas sensors with high sensitivity and fast response. In addition; the nature of the single crystals is favorable for the studies of the response mechanism. On the other hand; one main merit of the field-effect sensors is to provide an extra gate electrode to realize the current modulation; so that the sensitivity can be dramatically enhanced by changing the conductivity when operating the sensors in the subthreshold regime. This article reviews the recent developments in the field of 1D nanostructure FET for gas detection. The sensor configuration; the performance as well as their sensing mechanism are evaluated.

The Electrostatically Formed Nanowire: A Novel Platform for Gas-Sensing Applications

“…One-dimensional (1D) chemical sensors that comprise nanowires or nanotubes of various materials exhibit an ultrasensitive sensing performance [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), in particular, demonstrate outstanding potential for gas-sensing applications, which have been rapidly developed over the past few years [16,17,18,19,20].…”

Research Update: Nanoscale surface potential analysis of MoS2 field-effect transistors for biomolecular detection using Kelvin probe force microscopy

“…Even a few biomolecules dramatically change the surface charge carrier density or surface potential (SP) of the device, resulting in much higher sensitivity than is available with other detection devices. [13][14][15][16] However, 1D semiconductor biosensors still have limitations such as device-to-device performance variation, non-uniformity, and a small integration area. 17,18 2D layered semiconductor-based sensors with a high surface-to-volume ratio have fewer limitations than 1D semiconductor biosensors.…”

Assembly of π‐Conjugated Nanosystems for Electronic Sensing Devices

“…[78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86] Owing to the intrinsic merits of CPs and OSCs, such as their tremendous variety with regard to molecular engineering, light weight, low cost, mechanical flexibility, and room-temperature operation capability, etc., most of the disadvantages of inorganic semiconductors-based sensor could be avoided, rendering the CPs-or OSCs-based counterparts promising alternatives. [1,15,87] Nevertheless, most of the investigations focus on gas sensors, wherein thin films of CPs or OSCs are used as active layer. [79,80] Most of these publications use thick active films with a response/recovery time of several minutes to dozens of minutes, preventing them from in situ sensing applications.…”

“…Compared to macroscopic thin films, 1D micro-nanoscaled single crystal materials possess long-ranged molecular order, high surface area-volume ratio, no grain boundaries, and a low density of defects, and have been proven to be the best candidates for the sensing materials. [15] Recently, well-defined charge transport physics and affecting factors have been established based on 1D organic small single crystal electronic devices, such as structure-property relationship, anisotropic transport property, and transport-temperature dependence, which favor such electronic sensors a rapid capture, diffusion, and release of the detected molecules, facilitating the formulation of miniature yet highsensitivity nanosensors of expeditious response/recovery. By taking the advantage of these merits, Shaymurat et al fabricated an organic field effect transistor (OFET) based SO 2 sensor on gas with copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) single crystalline nanowire as active material, wherein the single crystalline nanowires of CuPc were synthesized by PVT method, as shown in Figure 3A.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] On one hand, the inherent characteristics of π-conjugated systems, such as their susceptible to noncovalent interaction including hydrogen bonds, charge transfer, dipole-dipole interactions, photoexcitation and reversible transformations, enabling effective detection of various stimuli. [15] On the other hand, their light-weight, mechanical flexibility, and their generally good solution processability as well as good compatibility with largearea and flexible solid supports, endow them manufacturing of sensing devices using a wide range of desired or arbitrary solid supports as substrates, such as glass, paper, plastic, and others more. [1,10] More importantly, diverse assembly processible methods, such as interfacial assembly, casting, spin coating, layer-by-layer assembly, evaporation, and roll-to-roll protocols (inkjet printing, screen printing) etc.…”