One‐component benzoxazine type photoinitiator for free radical polymerization

Abstract

Synthesis of the Benzoxazine based benzophenone (BPBnzx) initiator was achieved and used in free radical photopolymerization of methylmethacrylate (MMA) in the absence and presence of a tertiary amine. The results confirmed that BPBnzx presents a one‐component nature. BPBnzx has better absorption properties compared with BP itself and the one‐component characteristic of the BPBnzx initiator was confirmed by incorporation of the BPBnzx unit into the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) main chain, using UV spectroscopy and phosphorescence measurements. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers

Radical and Atom Transfer Halogenation (RATH): A Facile Route for Chemical and Polymer Functionalization

“…As the total reaction presents the halogenation of the compound with the alkylhalide through the sequential radical transfer and halogen transfer reactions (Scheme ), the reaction is named here as “radical and atom transfer halogenation” (RATH). In this work we demonstrate the proposed RATH reaction using benzoxazine‐containing compounds and poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide) (coded as PPO in the field of engineering plastics) as the reagents to be halogenated (Scheme ), as benzoxazine groups have been reported to be highly‐active radical‐transferring agents . Moreover, introduction of reactive groups to polymers brings chemical versatility of tailor‐made function and property to polymers.…”

“…In this work we demonstrate the proposed RATH reaction using benzoxazine-containing compounds and poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (coded as PPO in the fi eld of engineering plastics) as the reagents to be halogenated (Scheme 2 ), as benzoxazine groups have been reported to be highly-active radical-transferring agents. [17][18][19] Moreover, introduction of reactive groups to polymers brings chemical versatility of tailor-made function and property to polymers. Controlled polymerization provides methodologies to prepare designed polymers.…”

“…[12][13][14][15][16] The sequential ATRP results in polymer chains possessing benzoxazine groups, which could be further functionalized with other agents [ 20,21 ] or self-crosslinked. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] RATH provides great convenience for preparation of functional initiators of atom transfer radical polymerization (bromination of benzoxazine compounds and PPO have been carried out with the RATH reaction using 1-(bromoethyl)benzene (BEB) as the alkylhalide reagents, CuBr as the catalyst, and 2,2′-bipyridyl as the ligand. Using bis(3-furfuryl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazinyl)isopropane (BPA-FBz) [ 25 ] as an example of RATH reagent, the solutions of all the chemicals in deuterated dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO-d 6 ) have been applied to 1 H NMR measurements to trace the RATH reaction between BPA-FBz and BEB.…”

Preparation of Single Chain Nanoparticles via Photoinduced Double Collapse Process

“…Benzophenone is a conventional Type II initiator and used in various UV‐curing applications such as microelectronics, production of 3D objects, coatings, etc . Benzophenone and its derivatives act as a Type II initiators and require an external compound (coinitiator/hydrogen donor) to initiate the photopolymerization . According to Type II mechanism, after triplet excitation of the photoinitiator, coinitiator molecule is responsible for the initiation of free radical polymerization (see Scheme ).…”

“…[32,33] Benzophenone and its derivatives act as a Type II initiators and require an external compound (coinitiator/hydrogen donor) to initiate the photopolymerization. [33][34][35][36][37] According to Type II mechanism, after triplet excitation of the photoinitiator, coinitiator molecule is responsible for the initiation of free radical polymerization (see Scheme 1).…”