Oncolytic virotherapy for head and neck cancer: current research and future developments

Malhotra, Akshiv; Sendilnathan, Arun; Old, Matthew; Wise‐Draper, Trisha M.

doi:10.2147/ov.s54503

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Genes encoding these cytokines have been explored as potential candidates for insertion into oncolytic viral genomes. In China, a modified adenovirus, H101, was approved in 2006 for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma [ 35 ]. Coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21) has been tested as an oncolytic viral therapy for melanoma with one clinical trial already demonstrating that 19.3% of patients exhibit a durable response, and 75.4% of patients survive 1 year after beginning treatment [ 36 ].…”

Section: Oncolytic Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection: a Cause of and Cure for Cancer

Newman

Zloza

2017

Curr Pharmacol Rep

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Purpose of ReviewThis article provides a brief overview of the role that infections play in cancer emergence and cancer treatment.Recent FindingsA select number of pathogens have been reported to increase the incidence of specific cancers (directly through altering gene expression or indirectly through inducing chronic inflammation). These have been referred to as oncogenic pathogens. Conversely, a subset of pathogens has been demonstrated to preferentially cause lysis of tumor cells, leading to tumor regression and improved anti-tumor immunity. These have been termed oncolytic pathogens. However, the contribution of non-oncogenic, non-oncolytic pathogens to both tumor growth and regression is likewise being increasingly recognized.SummaryPathogens have both the ability to cause and cure cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying these pathogen-mediated outcomes are not fully understood. With the recent emergence of interest in the immunotherapy of cancer, it is important that future studies focus specifically on preventing the negative effects of oncogenic infections, deconstructing the positive role of oncolytic pathogens, and finally providing insight into the dual roles of non-oncolytic, non-oncogenic pathogens so that anti-pathogen immune responses can be harnessed as a transformative means to treat cancer.

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Section: Oncolytic Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection: a Cause of and Cure for Cancer

Newman

Zloza

2017

Curr Pharmacol Rep

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“…The first virus approved for use in therapy was a recombinant oncolytic adenovirus named H101, which was licensed in 2005 by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for treating head and neck carcinoma in combination with chemotherapy 191 . Ten years later, the oncolytic attenuated-modified virus herpes simplex I-talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC, Imlygic®) was approved by both European (EMEA) and American (FDA) agencies for the treatment of melanoma 192 .…”

Section: Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human immunology and immunotherapy: main achievements and challenges

2020

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The immune system is a fascinating world of cells, soluble factors, interacting cells, and tissues, all of which are interconnected. The highly complex nature of the immune system makes it difficult to view it as a whole, but researchers are now trying to put all the pieces of the puzzle together to obtain a more complete picture. The development of new specialized equipment and immunological techniques, genetic approaches, animal models, and a long list of monoclonal antibodies, among many other factors, are improving our knowledge of this sophisticated system. The different types of cell subsets, soluble factors, membrane molecules, and cell functionalities are some aspects that we are starting to understand, together with their roles in health, aging, and illness. This knowledge is filling many of the gaps, and in some cases, it has led to changes in our previous assumptions; e.g., adaptive immune cells were previously thought to be unique memory cells until trained innate immunity was observed, and several innate immune cells with features similar to those of cytokine-secreting T cells have been discovered. Moreover, we have improved our knowledge not only regarding immune-mediated illnesses and how the immune system works and interacts with other systems and components (such as the microbiome) but also in terms of ways to manipulate this system through immunotherapy. The development of different types of immunotherapies, including vaccines (prophylactic and therapeutic), and the use of pathogens, monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, cytokines, and cellular immunotherapies, are changing the way in which we approach many diseases, especially cancer.

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Immunmodulation als innovative Therapie bei Kopf-Hals-Tumoren

Schuler

Doescher

Laban

et al. 2016

HNO

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Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is characterized by its intense immune suppression and its elaborate immune escape mechanisms. Due to the fact that survival rates remain low, the role of immunotherapy has become more important and the focus of current clinical studies has shifted toward antibody-based immune checkpoint modulation. Application of immunotherapy in curative settings or for prevention of recurrent disease would be desirable.

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Oncolytic virotherapy for head and neck cancer: current research and future developments

Cited by 4 publications

References 70 publications

Infection: a Cause of and Cure for Cancer

Infection: a Cause of and Cure for Cancer

Human immunology and immunotherapy: main achievements and challenges

Immunmodulation als innovative Therapie bei Kopf-Hals-Tumoren

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